κ-or

GR103545 is a selective agonist of the κ-opioid receptor, which is a radiotracer that can be used as in vivo imaging.

Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 is a highly effective and specific partial agonist for the nociceptin receptor (NOP). It demonstrates a remarkable affinity for rat cortical membranes ORL1, with [3H]Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 exhibiting a Kd value of 0.071 nM. However, it shows negligible affinity towards μ-, κ-, or δ-opioid receptors.

Dinalbuphine sebacate is a long-lasting prodrug of nalbuphine, acting as a moderate-efficacy partial agonist or antagonist of the μ-opioid receptor and as a high-efficacy partial agonist of the κ-opioid receptor.

Enadoline (Free Base) is a kappa-opioid receptor agonist; PD 129290 (CAM 570; CI 977) is the S,S(-)-enantiomer; PD 129289 (CAM 569) is the corresponding R,R(+)-enantiomer. In human studies, it produced visual distortions and feelings of dissociation, reminiscent of the effects of salvinorin A. It was studied as a potential analgesic, but abandoned because of the dose-limiting effects of dysphoria, which could be expected from a κ-opioid agonist. There was mention of its potential in treating comatose head injury or stroke victims, where that type of side effect would be immaterial.

UCK2 Inhibitor-3 is a non-competitive inhibitor of uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2), a pivotal enzyme in the pyrimidine salvage pathway, with an IC50 value of 16.6 μM. UCK2 can partially substitute for dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) in infected or rapidly dividing cells, aiding uridine salvage. Additionally, UCK2 Inhibitor-3 inhibits DNA polymerase eta and kappa, with IC50 values of 56 μM and 16 μM, respectively.

Ontuxizumab (MORAb-004) is a potent IgG1/κ monoclonal antibody targeting endomelanic acid with anti-tumor effects. It specifically targets endothelin (TEM-1 or CD248) and is used for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.

Renvistobart is a monoclonal antibody belonging to the immunoglobulin G1-κ class, targeting the human T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT, also known as VSIG9 or VSTM3) [1].

Erzotabart is an IgG1-kappa monoclonal antibody that targets human CD38 (also known as ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 or cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1) and displays pronounced antineoplastic activity. Erzotabart acts by modulating CD38-mediated signaling pathways involved in tumor cell metabolism, proliferation, and immune evasion, making it a significant investigational candidate in oncology research.

Mitraciliatine, an alkaloid discovered in M. speciosa (Kratom in Thai), acts as a partial agonist for the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and an agonist for the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), demonstrating selectivity for these receptors over the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) with EC50 values of 228, 218, and >1,000 nM respectively in mouse receptors through a GTPγS binding assay. When administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) at 100 nmol/animal, mitraciliatine increases latency to withdrawal in the warm water tail withdrawal assay in mice, an effect reversable by MOR knockout but unaffected by KOR knockout, distinguishing it from morphine by not causing hyperlocomotion or respiratory depression.

Anti-Monkey/Human MDR-1/CD243 Antibody (UIC2) is an IgG2a, κ monoclonal antibody derived from mice, designed to inhibit MDR-1/CD243 proteins in monkeys or humans.

Anti-Human/Mouse GRP78 Antibody (N88) is an IgG1, κ antibody inhibitor derived from mice, designed to target human or mouse GRP78.

Anti-Mouse/Human TYRP1 Antibody (TA99) is a mouse-derived IgG2a, κ antibody inhibitor targeting mouse or human TYRP1.

Anti-Monkey/HumanCD28Antibody (CD28.2) is a mouse-derived IgG1, κ antibody inhibitor targeting monkey or human CD28.

The Anti-Mouse/Human VLA-4/CD49d Antibody (PS/2) is an IgG2b, κ antibody inhibitor derived from rats, targeting mouse or human VLA-4/CD49d.

Anti-Mouse/Human Mac-2/Galectin-3 Antibody (TIB-166) is an IgG2a, κ inhibitor derived from rats, targeting mouse or human Mac-2/Galectin-3.

Anti-Human/Rat HER2 (neu) Antibody (7.16.4) is a mouse-derived IgG2a, κ monoclonal antibody inhibitor that targets human or rat HER2.

Anti-Mouse/Human Integrin β7 Antibody (FIB504) is an IgG2a, κ antibody inhibitor derived from rats, designed to target and inhibit mouse or human Integrin β7.

Rat IgG2a kappa, Isotype Control is a rat IgG2a subtype κ light chain monoclonal antibody that can be used as a negative control or reference antibody to assess the specificity of primary antibodies in ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry.

Anti-Mouse/Human IL-5 Antibody (TRFK5) is an IgG1, κ antibody inhibitor derived from rats, designed to target and inhibit mouse or human IL-5.

Anti-Monkey/Human MHC class II (HLA-DR) Antibody (L243) is an IgG2a, κ antibody inhibitor derived from mice that targets monkey or human MHC class II.

Exerenibart is an immunoglobulin G4-κ monoclonal antibody that targets human transmembrane serine protease 6 (TMPRSS6). It shows potential for treating diseases related to iron metabolism disorders, such as iron overload or iron deficiency.