Inosine (NSC-20262) is an endogenous purine nucleoside produced from the metabolic breakdown of adenosine. It is an agonist of adenosine receptors A1R and A2AR, possessing anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cytoprotective, and neuroprotective effects, and can be used to establish hyperuricemia models.

PvENT1:3.8 μM

Inosine has been shown to stimulate axonal growth in cell culture and promote corticospinal tract axons to sprout collateral branches after stroke, spinal cord injury and TBI in rodent models.[1] Inosine dose-dependently stimulates cAMP production mediated through the A2AR. Inosine dose-dependently induces A2AR-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation.[2]

The reference for Inosine is 1 or 10 mg/kg, i.p. Preventive treatment with inosine inhibits the development and progression of EAE in C57Bl/6 mice. neuroinflammation and demyelinating processes are blocked by inosine treatment. Additionally, inosine consistently inhibits IL-17 levels in peripheral lymphoid tissue, as well as IL-4 levels and A2AR up-regulation in the spinal cord, likely, through an ERK1-independent pathway. [3] inosine acting through adenosine receptors (ARs) exerts a wide range of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in vivo. [2]