MPTP hydrochloride is a dopamine neurotoxin and the precursor of MPP⁺. It can induce apoptosis and has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. MPTP hydrochloride is toxic to dopaminergic neurons and is commonly used for the construction of Parkinson's disease animal models.

Phrenic nerve - diaphragm:53 mM, Phrenic nerve - diaphragm (Pretreatment with 4-phenylpyridine):18 mM

METHODS: Human neuroblastoma cells M17 were treated with MPTP hydrochloride (1-50 μM) for 48 h. The expression levels of target proteins were detected by Western Blot.
RESULTS: MPTP hydrochloride promoted Tau protein phosphorylation in M17 cells. [1]
METHODS: Neuroblastoma cell N2AB-1 and glioma cell C6 were treated with MPTP hydrochloride (0.33-33.7 μM) for 24 h, and the growth curves were examined.
RESULTS: MPTP hydrochloride did not affect the cell number of actively growing N2AB-1 or C6 cells. [2]

METHODS: To construct a subacute Parkinson's model, MPTP hydrochloride (30 mg/kg in 0.9% saline) was administered intraperitoneally to C57BL/6 mice once daily for five days.
RESULTS: Subacute MPTP hydrochloride treatment did not cause significant motor deficits, although the dopaminergic system was severely impaired. mPTP hydrochloride significantly increased the level of α-synuclein and the number of astrocytes in the striatum and disrupted the blood-brain barrier in the substantia nigra pars compacta. [3]
METHODS: To study the effects of different models on the behavior and pathology of a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, MPTP hydrochloride was used intraperitoneally to construct a subacute model group and a chronic model group. In the subacute model group, MPTP hydrochloride (30 mg/kg) was administered once daily for ten days. In the chronic model group, MPTP hydrochloride (30 mg/kg) was injected once every 3.5 days for five weeks for ten times.
RESULTS: In the MPTP hydrochloride-induced subacute Parkinson's disease mouse model, there was a small loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, but there was no effect on the behavior.The MPTP hydrochloride-induced chronic Parkinson's disease mouse model lost a large number of dopaminergic neurons, which was accompanied by anxiety-like behaviors in addition to motor dysfunction. [4]