GluR

Dasolampanel (NGX-426) is an orally available ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA and Kainate receptor antagonist for the study of chronic pain disorders, including neuropathic pain and migraine.

L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide), a non-essential amino acid, is synthesized from glutamic acid and ammonia.

Xanthurenic Acid (8-Hydroxykynurenic acid), a molecule arising from tryptophan metabolism by transamination of 3-hydroxykynurenine, activates mGlu2 3 Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu2 and mGlu3).

EGLU ((2S)-α-Ethylglutamic acid) is a competitive mGluR-2 receptor antagonist with antidepressant activity and anti-injury effects, which can be used in the study of arthritis.

Cyclothiazide is a benzothiadiazide that acts as a potentiator of AMPA receptorsthat potently inhibits AMPA receptor desensitization, positively modulating its response to glutamic acid (EC50 = 3.8 M).

LY382884 is a selective and potent GluR5 kainate receptor antagonist with anxiolytic activity.LY382884 blocks blockade of mossy fibre LTP induction.

TCN238 is an orally bioavailable positive allosteric modulator of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4with an EC50 of 1 μM).

STX-107 is a potent and selective mGluR5 agonist for the study of Fragile X Syndrome.

NBQX Disodium (FG9202 disodium) is a highly selective, competitive AMPA receptor antagonist with neuroprotective and anticonvulsant activity. NBQX Disodium is a salt of NBQX. NBQX is a potent and selective AMPA rhodosinate receptor antagonist that can be used to antagonize the excitatory toxicity of glutamate. It has anticonvulsant effects in rodent models.

MTEP hydrochloride (MTEP) is non-competitive mGlu5 antagonist (IC50 and Ki of 5 nM and 16 nM, respectively)

Evans blue (C.I. 23860) is an azo dye, inhibits L-glutamate uptake via the membrane-bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT).

GYKI-47261 dihydrochloride is an orally active and selective AMPA receptor antagonist, also a CYP2E1 inducer with broad anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activity, used in neurological and cardiovascular research.

DL-AP3 is a competitive group I metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist and inhibitor of phosphoserine phosphatase.

LY-2300559 is an agonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) and can be used in studies about the treatment of migraine.

DCB (3,3'-dichlorobenzaldazine) is an allosteric ligand for mGluR5 and shows the negative modulatory effect of 3,3′-dimethoxybenzaldazine (DMeOB). DCB blocks the positive allosteric regulation of mGluRs with the help of 3,3′-difluorobenzaldazine (DFB).

VU0650786 is a selective and potent CNS-penetrant negative allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 3 (mGlu3 NAM) (IC50: 392 nM), exhibiting antidepressant and anxiolytic activity in rodents.

Urethane (Ethyl carbamate; Ethylurethane) is a byproduct formed during the fermentation process of various foods. As an ethyl ester of carbamic acid, it has the ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria, sea urchin eggs, protozoa, and plant tissues, and is commonly used for establishing lung cancer models.

CNQX (FG9065) is a competitive, non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist (IC50s = 0.3 and 1.5 μM for AMPA and kainate receptors, respectively)

LY341495 is a potent metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist that exhibits high activity against a wide range of glutamate receptor subtypes and can be used for the study of neurological disorders.

AZD6538 is an mGluR5 negative allosteric modulator used in the study of CNS-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

(S)-AMPA HCl (L-AMPA HCl) is a selective AMPA receptor agonist with potential antidepressant activity. It can be used in research on Parkinson's disease.

1H-Pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,2,4]benzothiadiazine, 2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-, 5,5-dioxide, (3aR)- is a low activity isomer of S 18986. S 18986 is a AMPA receptor positive modulator with EC2 (Concentration that doubles the intensity of the AMPA-induced current) of 35 μM.

Ro 67-7476 is a positive allosteric modulator of mGluR1, which can enhance the calcium release induced by glutamate in HEK293 cells expressing rat mGluR1a. The EC50 is 60.1 nM. It is a P-ERK1 2 agonist, and can activate ERK1 2 phosphorylation without the addition of exogenous glutamate (EC50 = 163.3 nM).

XAP044 is a mGlu7-selective antagonist which inhibits lateral amygdala long term potentiation (LTP) in brain slices from wild type mice with a half-maximal blockade at 88 nm[1].