Liraglutide (Liraglutida) is a synthetic analog of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an agonist of the GLP-1 receptor. Liraglutide can be used to treat type 2 diabetes and chronic obesity.

HEK293 cells (GLP1 receptor overexpressed):9.3 pM (EC50), LPS-induced production of PEG2:54 nM, GLP1 receptor:0.11 nM, HEK293 cells (GLP-1 receptor expressed):65.7 pM (EC50), LPS-induced production of NO:45 nM, GLP1:542.4 ± 187.5 nM

METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 were treated with Liraglutide (5-20 µM) for 48 h. Cell viability was measured by direct cell counting.
RESULTS: Incubation for 48 h with 15 µM and 20 µM of Liraglutide resulted in a significant decrease in cell proliferation compared to the control. [1]
METHODS: Pancreatic βTC-6 cells were treated with Liraglutide (1 nM) for 3-30 min, and the expression levels of target proteins were detected by Western Blot.
RESULTS: Treatment of cells with Liraglutide resulted in an increase in phosphorylation of the pro-survival kinase AKT at Ser47 3 over time compared to untreated cells. [2]

METHODS: To investigate the effects on diabetes, Liraglutide (100 µg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally once daily for two weeks to a BKS mouse model of type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS: Liraglutide restored islet size, reduced islet β-cell apoptosis, and improved nephrin expression, a protein involved in β-cell survival signaling.Liraglutide protected βTC-6 cells from serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3 activation. [2]

Assay of ProRS activity: The prolyl tRNA synthetase domain of human EPRS (ProRS) is expressed in E.coli with a 6-his tag and purified. Enzymatic activity is assayed using incorporation of 3H Pro into the tRNA fraction essentially, except that the charged tRNA fraction is isolated by rapid batchwise binding to Mono Q sepharose and quantitated by liquid scintillation counting. For all kinetic assays, the concentration of active enzyme in the reaction is 40 nM. Similar inhibition by HF is seen using the human ProRS domain purified from bacteria and full length EPRS purified from rat liver.

C11-STH cells are cultured to confluence at 37°C in gelatin-coated Nunclon cell culture dishes in Media-199 supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin, 20% FCS, 20 μg/ml endothelial cell growth factor and 20 μg/ml heparin. C11-STH cells are incubated under serum free conditions with liraglutide (100 nM) or the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin (9-39) (100 nM) alone or with 10 ng/ml TNFα for 16 h alone or in combination with liraglutide and/or exendin (9-39). ELISA assays for VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are performed using conditioned medium from C11-STH cells to determine protein expression levels.(Only for Reference)

H2O: 5 mg/mL (1.33 mM), when pH is adjusted to 8 with NaOH. Sonication is recommended.