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Thymidine

Name: Thymidine
Brand: TargetMol
SKU: TWP2911
Price: 45 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (10 reviews)

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Catalog No. TWP2911Cas No. 50-89-5

Alias Thymidin, NSC 21548, DThyd, Doxribtimine, Deoxyribothymidine, 5-Methyldeoxyuridine

Thymidine (DThyd) is a cell synchronizing agent and a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid. Thymidine inhibits DNA synthesis and can cause cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase.

Thymidine

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Purity: 99.86%

Catalog No. TWP2911Alias Thymidin, NSC 21548, DThyd, Doxribtimine, Deoxyribothymidine, 5-MethyldeoxyuridineCas No. 50-89-5

Thymidine (DThyd) is a cell synchronizing agent and a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid. Thymidine inhibits DNA synthesis and can cause cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase.

Pack Size	Price	USA Warehouse	Global Warehouse	Quantity
500 mg	$45	In Stock	In Stock
1 mL x 10 mM (in DMSO)	$50	In Stock	In Stock

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In Stock Estimated shipping dateUSA Warehouse[1-2 days] Global Warehouse[5-7 days]

All TargetMol products are for research purposes only and cannot be used for human consumption. We do not provide products or services to individuals. Please comply with the intended use and do not use TargetMol products for any other purpose.

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Purity:99.86%

Appearance:Solid

Color:White

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COA HNMR HPLC LCMS

Product Introduction

Thymidine AI Summary

Thymidine is a multi-functional agent with notable bioactivities across various biological targets and pathogens. It exhibits significant inhibitory activity against thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPK) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with Ki values of 27,000 nM and 715,000 nM, indicating its potential role in antimicrobial applications. Additionally, it shows antiviral properties against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in multiple cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.3 nM to 1000.0 nM in plaque inhibition assays. The compound also exhibits inhibitory effects on thymidine kinases from various sources, including human and viral enzymes, with Km values ranging from 1,600 nM to 24,000 nM in different assays, indicating its broad-spectrum antiviral capabilities. Thymidine demonstrates concentration-dependent effects on DNA synthesis in mouse cells, revealing moderate to strong bioactivity at concentrations from 10e-6 M to 10e-4 M. It also shows cytotoxic activity against various cell lines such as KBALB, KBALB-STK, EMT-6, and CEM cells, with CC50 values ranging from 95,000 nM to 1,760,000 nM, suggesting potential use in cancer therapy. Furthermore, the compound inhibits the proliferation of leukemia L-1210 cells and confers protective effects against growth inhibition by methotrexate in human CCRF-CEM cells. In antiviral assays, Thymidine inhibits HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication with EC50 values of 4,110 nM and 3,470 nM, respectively. It also shows activity against SARS-CoV-2, inhibiting virus-induced cytotoxicity in VERO-6 cells. Additionally, the compound demonstrates protective effects against the cytopathic effect of HIV in ATH8 cells and retains low toxicity in various human cell lines. Overall, Thymidine is a versatile compound with promising therapeutic potentials due to its multifaceted inhibitory activities against thymidine kinases, TMPK, antiviral properties, and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells..

Note: Summary generated by AI. Data source: ChEMBL

Bioactivity

Description	Thymidine (DThyd) is a cell synchronizing agent and a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid. Thymidine inhibits DNA synthesis and can cause cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase.
In vitro	METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 were treated with Thymidine (300-1200 µM) and H2O2 (1 mM) for 0.5 h. DNA damage was detected by comet assay. RESULTS: For the control and Thymidine alone groups, the samples appeared almost circular due to the absence of DNA damage. After exposure to 1.0 mM H2O2 for 0.5 h, a clear comet was observed, indicating DNA damage in this group. However, there was a decreasing trend in the extent of DNA damage in the three combination groups as the concentration of Thymidine pretreatment increased. [1] METHODS: Jurkat, MOLT4 and NALM6 cells were treated with Thymidine (2 mM) for 18 h. RESULTS: Thymidine arrests the cell cycle at the G1/S boundary. [2]
In vivo	METHODS: To investigate the effects of folate analogs on superantigen-reactive peripheral T cells in vivo, Thymidine (500 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into MTX- or tomudex-administered mice twice daily for ten days. RESULTS: Both MTX and tomudex blocked the expansion and accelerated the peripheral clearance of Vβ8-selective T cells. Thymidine administration completely eliminated this effect, suggesting that inhibition of glycoside synthase (TS), but not other folate-dependent enzymes, is the predominant mechanism. [3]
Synonyms	Thymidin, NSC 21548, DThyd, Doxribtimine, Deoxyribothymidine, 5-Methyldeoxyuridine

Chemical Properties

Molecular Weight	242.23
Formula	C₁₀H₁₄N₂O₅
Cas No.	50-89-5
Smiles	O=C1N([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C2)C=C(C)C(=O)N1
Relative Density.	1.435 kg/m3. Temperature:20 °C.

Storage & Solubility Information

Storage

In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.

Solubility Information

Ethanol: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble)

DMSO: 245 mg/mL (1011.44 mM), Sonication is recommended.

Pyridine, Methanol, etc.: Soluble

In Vivo Formulation

10% DMSO+90% Saline: 5 mg/mL (20.64 mM), Solution.

Saline: 25 mg/mL (103.21 mM), Solution.

5% DMSO+95% Saline: 2.63 mg/mL (10.86 mM), Solution.

Please add the solvents sequentially, clarifying the solution as much as possible before adding the next one. Dissolve by heating and/or sonication if necessary. Working solution is recommended to be prepared and used immediately. The formulation provided above is for reference purposes only. In vivo formulations may vary and should be modified based on specific experimental conditions.

Solution Preparation Table

DMSO

	1mg	5mg	10mg	50mg
1 mM	4.1283 mL	20.6415 mL	41.2831 mL	206.4154 mL
5 mM	0.8257 mL	4.1283 mL	8.2566 mL	41.2831 mL
10 mM	0.4128 mL	2.0642 mL	4.1283 mL	20.6415 mL
20 mM	0.2064 mL	1.0321 mL	2.0642 mL	10.3208 mL
50 mM	0.0826 mL	0.4128 mL	0.8257 mL	4.1283 mL
100 mM	0.0413 mL	0.2064 mL	0.4128 mL	2.0642 mL

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In Vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Please enter your animal experiment information in the following box and click Calculate to obtain the stock solution preparation method and in vivo formula preparation method:

For example, if the intended dosage is 10 mg/kg for animals weighing 20 g , with a dosing volume of 100 μL per animal, TargetMol | Animal experiments

and a total of 10 animals are to be administered, using a formulation of TargetMol | reagent

10% DMSO+ 40% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 45% Saline/PBS/ddH₂O , the resulting working solution concentration would be 2 mg/mL.

Stock Solution Preparation:

Dissolve 2 mg of the compound in 100 μL DMSO TargetMol | reagent to obtain a stock solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL . If the required concentration exceeds the compound's known solubility, please contact us for technical support before proceeding.

Preparation of the In Vivo Formulation:

1) Add 100 μL of the DMSO TargetMol | reagent stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix thoroughly until the solution becomes clear.

2) Add 50 μL Tween 80 and mix well until fully clarified.

3) Add 450 μL Saline,PBS or ddH₂O TargetMol | reagent and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained.

This example is provided solely to demonstrate the use of the In Vivo Formulation Calculator and does not constitute a recommended formulation for any specific compound. Please select an appropriate dissolution and formulation strategy based on your experimental model and route of administration.

All co-solvents required for this protocol, includingDMSO, PEG300/PEG400, Tween 80, SBE-β-CD, and Corn oil, are available for purchase on the TargetMol website.

Dose Conversion

You can also refer to dose conversion for different animals. More Dose Conversion

Tech Support

Please see Inhibitor Handling Instructions for more frequently ask questions. Topics include: how to prepare stock solutions, how to store products, and cautions on cell-based assays & animal experiments, etc