L-Lysine-13C6-15N2 Hydrochloride is L-Lysine hydrochloride labeled with 13C and 15N isotopes. L-Lysine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid for humans and a common food additive. It stimulates the secretion of pepsin and gastric acid, enhances gastric juice secretion, and promotes growth and development in children.

Phenol-13C6 is a 13C-labeled Phenol, which is an important chemical raw material used in the manufacture of fungicides and herbicides.

D-Fructose-13C6 can be used as an internal standard for the quantification of D-fructose by GC- or LC-MS.

L-Leucine-1-13C (L-Leucine-13C) is a 13C-labeled L-Leucine that significantly enhances the affinity of GLP-4.

Vancomycin-C13,D3 is a compound labeled with 13C and 2H. Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that exerts antibacterial activity by altering cell membrane permeability and selectively inhibiting RNA synthesis.

Apalutamide-13C-d3 (RN-509-13C,d3) is a 13C and 2H-labeled version of Apalutamide. Apalutamide is an efficient androgen receptor (AR) antagonist used in the study of prostate diseases.

Riluzole-13C,15N2 (PK 26124-13C,15N2) is a 13C and 15N labeled form of Riluzole. Riluzole is a glutamate antagonist with anticonvulsant activity, inhibiting GABA reuptake and used in ALS research.

Binimetinib-13C-d3 (MEK162-13C-d3) is an isotopically labelled compound of Binimetinib for use as a tracer.Binimetinib (ARRY-162) is a selective MEK1/2 inhibitor for the treatment of melanoma.

Apixaban 13C,d3 is a deuterium labeling of Apixaban for isotopic tracing. Apixaban 13C,d3 is a selective inhibitor of coagulation factor Xa and is used in thromboembolism studies

Cyanuric acid-13C3 is a 13C-labelled compound of cyanuric acid, which can be used for isotope tracing. Cyanuric acid is a triazine compound, fungicide, and herbicide.

4-Trifluoromethylsalicylic acid-13C6 is 13C-labeled 4-Trifluoromethylsalicylic acid, mainly used as a quantitative tracer in drug development. 4-Trifluoromethylsalicylic acid is also a platelet aggregation inhibitor.

2-Nitrobenzaldehyde semicarbazone (13C, 15N2) is utilized in the LC-MS/MS method for semicarbazide analysis.

1,2-Dioleoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol that contains oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. It effectively binds the C1 domain to activate conventional protein kinase C forms and serves as a substrate for diacylglycerol kinases and multisubstrate lipid kinase.1,2,3 |1. Yamaguchi, Y., Shirai, Y., Matsubara, T., et al. Phosphorylation and up-regulation of diacylglycerol kinase γ via its interaction with protein kinase Cγ. J. Biol. Chem. 281(42), 31627-31637 (2006).|2. Zhou, Q.Z., Raynor, R.L., Wood, M.G., Jr., et al. Structure-activity relationship of synthetic branched-chain distearoylglycerol (distearin) as protein kinase C activators. Biochemistry 27(19), 7361-7365 (1988).|3. Epand, R.M., Shulga, Y.V., Timmons, H.C., et al. Substrate chirality and specificity of diacylglycerol kinases and the multisubstrate lipid kinase. Biochemistry 46(49), 14225-14231 (2007).

Nitisinone-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nitisinone by GC- or LC-MS. Nitisinone is an inhibitor of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), which converts 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPPA) to homogentisate in the tyrosine catabolic pathway.1Nitisinone increases urinary levels of HPPA and 4-hydroxyphenyllactate (HPLA) in rats when administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Nitisinone (3 mg/kg) prevents the neonatal lethality of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) deficiency in mice when administered to pregnant dams.2It exhibits hepatoprotective effects inFAH-/-mice, such as prevention of increases in plasma levels of aspartate serine aminotransferase (AST) and conjugated bilirubin, when administration is continued following birth at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Nitisinone (100 μg) decreases urinary excretion of homogentisate and increases urinary excretion of HPPA, HPLA, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate in a mouse model of alkaptonuria induced by ethylnitrosourea.3Formulations containing nitisinone have been used in the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT-1). 1.Ellis, M.K., Whitfield, A.C., Gowans, L.A., et al.Inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase by 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dione and 2-(2-chloro-4-methanesulfonylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dioneToxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.133(1)12-19(1995) 2.Grompe, M., Lindstedt, S., al-Dhalimy, M., et al.Pharmacological correction of neonatal lethal hepatic dysfunction in a murine model of hereditary tyrosinaemia type INat. Genet.10(4)453-460(1995) 3.Suzuki, Y., Oda, K., Yoshikawa, Y., et al.A novel therapeutic trial of homogentisic aciduria in a murine model of alkaptonuriaJ. Hum. Genet.44(2)79-84(1999)

Cefotaxime-d3 is the deuterium-labeled form of Cefotaxime. Cefotaxime is a cephalosporin stable against β-lactamase, classified as a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Moxifloxacin-d4 hydrochloride (BAY 12-8039-d4) is the hydrochloride salt form of deuterium-labeled Moxifloxacin (Moxifloxacin). This compound acts as an orally effective antibacterial agent and is utilized in research concerning acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and infectious pneumonia.

L-Homocysteine-d4 is the deuterium-labeled variant of L-Homocysteine.

1,2,3-Trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2,3-Trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains octanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions. Dietary administration of 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol increases hippocampal levels of the glycolytic metabolites glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and β-hydroxybutyrate and the seizure threshold in the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test in mice.1 Formulations containing 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol have been used in cosmetic products as thickening and skin-conditioning agents.

[11C]-MK-7337 is the 11C-labeled version of MK-7337. MK-7337 is a PET ligand for α-synuclein. The 11C-labeled MK-7337 can be used as a PET tracer for imaging of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Cefazolin-13C2,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of cefazolin by GC- or LC-MS. Cefazolin is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that is active in vitro against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 0.2-12.5 μg/ml). It also inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of S. aureus, E. coli, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumoniae (MICs = 0.1-25 μg/ml). In vivo, cefazolin protects against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. mirabilis infection in mice (ED50s = <0.09-1.78, 0.44-3.63, and 2.31-5.2 mg/animal, respectively). Formulations containing cefazolin have been used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Erlotinib-13C6 (CP-358774-13C6) is a 13C-labeled Erlotinib. Erlotinib is a directly acting EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2 nM for human EGFR[1]. Erlotinib reduces EGFR autophosphorylation in intact tumor cells with an IC50 of 20 nM. Erlotinib is used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer[1].Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process[2]. [1]. Moyer JD, et al. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by CP-358,774, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. Cancer Res. 1997, 57(21), 4838-4848.[2]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.

5-Fluorouracil-13C,15N2 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 5-flurouracil by GC- or LC-MS. 5-Fluorouracil is a pyrimidine analog that irreversibly inhibits thymidylate synthase, blocking the synthesis of thymidine which is required for DNA synthesis. Intracellular metabolites of 5-fluorouracil exert cytotoxic effects by either inhibiting thymidylate synthetase, or through incorporation into RNA and DNA, ultimately initiating apoptosis.