Jolkinolide B is a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Jolkinolide B induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Jolkinolide B can be used for studies on preventing and treating osteolysis.

Jolkinolide B has potent anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. Jolkinolide B is able to enhance apoptosis of human leukemic HL-60 and THP-1 cells, at least in part, through downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 and bcl-2, and upregulation of Bax and cytosolic cytochrome c. Jolkinolide B inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the expression of osteoclastic marker genes, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K (CtsK), and calcitonin receptor (CTR), was significantly inhibited. Jolkinolide Binhibited RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB by suppressing RANKL-mediated IκBα degradation. Moreover, Jolkinolide B inhibited RANKL-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38, JNK, and ERK)[1].