Anti-infection

Emricasan (IDN-6556) is a pan-caspase inhibitor with irreversible properties. Emricasan has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity and can be used in the treatment of infections and liver failure, etc. Emricasan also inhibits Zika virus infections.

Niranthin is a potent anti-leishmanial agent, inhibits the relaxation activity of heterodimeric type IB topoisomerase of L. donovani and acts as a non-competitive inhibitor interacting with both subunits of the enzyme. Niranthin also exhibits anti-hepatitis B virus, antiinflammatory and antiallodynic actions.

Robinetin (3,3',4',5',7-Pentahydroxyflavone) exhibits potent antioxidant and antiradical activities, effectively inhibiting EYPC membrane lipid peroxidation and HbA glycosylation.

Naringenin (NSC-11855) is a flavanone that is considered to have a bioactive effect on human health as antioxidant, free radical scavenger, antiinflammatory, carbohydrate metabolism promoter, immunity system modulater. This substance has also been shown to repair DNA.

Hymeglusin, A selective 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase 1 inhibitor, is also an antibiotic that reduces the expression level of BCL2 in HL-60 and KG-1 cells and can be used to study leukemia.

Lanatoside C (Ceglunate) is a cardiac glycoside, a type of drug that can be used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat). Lanatoside C can be used orally or by the intravenous route.

Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate, a major polyphenol found in black tea, is an inducer of oxidative stress which has anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions, it reduces tumor angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1αand VEGF.

U18666A is a cell-permeable drug and is a cholesterol synthesis and transport inhibitor. It inhibits replication of Ebola virus, dengue virus, and human hepatitis C virus.

Celgosivir (6 O-butanoyl castanospermine) is an inhibitor of α-glucosidase I. In vitro assay, it inhibits bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) ( IC50: 1.27 μM ).

Retro-2 cycl is a dihydroquinazolinone (DHQZ) retrograde trafficking inhibitor. Retro-2 cycl (RN 1-001) inhibits JCPyV and HPV16 pseudovirus(IC50s of 54 μM and 160 μM, respectively),with antiviral agent.

Cephaeline was highly active against protected primary CLL cells (relative IC50's 35nM ) and acted by repressing HIF-1α± and disturbing intracellular redox homeostasis.

Ivermectin (MK-933) is an activator of glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls) with antiparasitic activity.

ML-SA1 (Mucolipin synthetic agonist 1) is a selective TRPML agonist, inhibits Dengue virus 2 (DENV2) and Zika virus (ZIKV) by promoting lysosomal acidification and protease activity. The IC50 value of ML-SA1 against DENV2 RNA and ZIKV RNA is 8.3 μM and 52.99 μM, respectively[1].

(Rac)-Modipafantis an orally available and selective platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) antagonist that inhibits PAF-induced aggregation of washed platelets in rabbits, and can be used to study arthritis and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) of the rat.

(+)-Aromadendrene is a natural product that has significant antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

QL-X-138 is a potent and selective BTK and MNK dual kinase inhibitor that binds covalently to BTK and non-covalently to MNK. The IC50 values of QL-X-138 are 9.4 nM for BTK, 107.4 nM for MNK1, 26 nM for MNK2, and 3.5 μM against Dengue 2. QL-X-138 is used in the study of B-cell malignancies and B-cell malignant tumors.

2-Desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin has potent in vitro cytotoxicities against the K562, MCF-7, Hela, DU145, U937, H1975, SGC-7901, A549, MOLT-4, and HL60 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.10 to 46.7uM, while it shows significant antiviral (H1N1 and H3N2) activities, it also displays significant antimycobacterial activity (IC50=7.6 uM).

Licoflavone B has schistosomicidal activity, it showed high S. mansoni ATPase (IC50 of 23.78 μM) and ADPase (IC50 of 31.50 μM) inhibitory activities.

Methyl rosmarinate is a noncompetitive tyrosinase inhibitor isolated from Rabdosia serra, with an IC50 of 0.28 mM for mushroom tyrosinase. It exhibits antioxidative and antifungal activities, and also inhibits tyrosinase, α±-glucosidase, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1).

(+)-JNJ-A07 is a pan-serotypic dengue virus inhibitor that targets NS3-NS4B interaction with high potency. (+)-JNJ-A07 has antiviral activity and can be used to study dengue virus infections.

Isoschaftoside is used as an intercrop due to its allelopathic inhibition of parasitism by Striga hermonthica, an obligate parasitic weed that can devastate the maize crop. Isoschaftoside has anti-tumor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, it also possesses strong nematicidal activity against M. incognita.

Mycophenolic acid (Mycophenolate) is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase(IMPDH) inhibitor with anti-proliferative activity.

DB772 is a broad-spectrum antiviral activity that inhibits Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), prion activity, Border Disease Virus (BDV), HoBi Virus, Forked Horn Virus and Bungowannah Virus.

Vincetoxicoside B, isolated from Polygonum paleaceum Wall. Vincetoxicoside B , quercetin, kaempferol , and (-)-epicatechin show synergistic antifungal activities with the FICI values <0.5.