Timosaponin A1, a coprostane-type steroidal saponin, is found in Rhizoma Anemarrhenae.

Sitagliptin (MK0431), a new oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug), is a new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. This enzyme-inhibiting drug is used either alone or in combination with metformin or thiazolidinedione for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The drug can competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme and DPP-4, that leads to an incremental amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), the diminished amount of release of glucagon and increased release of insulin.

Talabostat mesylate (PT100) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases IV (DPP4, IC50: 0.18 nM), including tumor-associated fibroblast activation protein. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulting in the stimulation of hematopoiesis.

Linagliptin (BI 1356) is a potent, orally bioavailable dihydropurinedione-based inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity.

TS-021 is a selective dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor with antidiabetic activity for the study of type 2 diabetes.

γ-Glu-Tyr (gamma-Glutamyltyrosine) is a kokumi peptide with competitive inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and is used in the study of diabetes mellitus.

P32/98 hemifumarate is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitor with hypoglycemic properties that improves insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness in the Zucker diabetic rat model, and may be useful in studies of type 2 diabetes and colitis.

Denagliptin is a small molecule dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor for the treatment of endocrine Ü metabolic diseases and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes.

Gly-Pro-pNA hydrochloride (Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide hydrochloride) is a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor that inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase II, dipeptidyl peptidase IV and dipeptidyl peptidase IX.

Saxagliptin (BMS-477118) is a selective, reversible DPP4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 26 nM.

Saikogenin A is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor.

Vildagliptin (LAF237) is a cyanopyrrolidine-based, orally bioavailable inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), with hypoglycemic activity. Vildagliptin's cyano moiety undergoes hydrolysis and this inactive metabolite is excreted mainly via the urine.

Diprotin A (Ile-Pro-Ile) is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor.

Teneligliptin (MP-513) is a novel dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP IV) inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemic activity for the study of obesity and diabetes.

Sitagliptin phosphate (MK-0431 phosphate) is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor.

DBPR108 is an orally bioavailable dipeptide-derived DPP4 inhibitor (IC50: 15 nM) and it has no inhibition on DDP8 and DPP9.

Azaleatin is a natural product from Rhododendron simsii. Azaleatin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor. Azaleatin can be used for type-2 diabetes and obesity studies.

Alogliptin (SYR-322)(SYR-322) is a potent, selective inhibitor of DPP-4 with IC50 of <10 nM, exhibits greater than 10, 000-fold selectivity over DPP-8 and DPP-9.

Retagliptin Phosphate (SP 2086) is pharmaceutical composition of DPP-4 inhibitor, for treating type-2 diabetes.

Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate (MK-0431 phosphate monohydrate) is a potent DPP-IV inhibitor with an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts.

Nateglinide (Senaglinide) is an oral hypoglycemic agent and amino acid derivative that stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas and is used in the therapy of type 2 diabetes. Nateglinide has been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Linagliptin Methyldimer is a potent dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor, IC50=6 pM.

Saxagliptin hydrate (Onglyza hydrate) is a selective and reversible DPP4 inhibitor (IC50: 26 nM; Ki: 1.3 nM).

Trelagliptin (SYR-472) is a highly specific, long-acting DPP-4 inhibitor.