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Succinic acid

Name: Succinic acid
Brand: TargetMol
SKU: T2719
Price: 33 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (10 reviews)

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Catalog No. T2719Cas No. 110-15-6

Alias Wormwood acid, Butanedioic acid, Asuccin, Amber acid, 1,4-Butandioic Acid, 1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acid

Succinic acid (1, 2-ethanedicarboxylic acid) is a product of anaerobic metabolism and an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Succinic acid

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Purity: 99.55%

Catalog No. T2719Alias Wormwood acid, Butanedioic acid, Asuccin, Amber acid, 1,4-Butandioic Acid, 1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acidCas No. 110-15-6

Succinic acid (1, 2-ethanedicarboxylic acid) is a product of anaerobic metabolism and an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Pack Size	Price	USA Warehouse	Global Warehouse
50 mg	$33	In Stock	In Stock
100 mg	$45	In Stock	In Stock
500 mg	$98	In Stock	In Stock
1 g	$146	In Stock	In Stock
1 mL x 10 mM (in DMSO)	$50	In Stock	In Stock

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In Stock Estimated shipping dateUSA Warehouse[1-2 days] Global Warehouse[5-7 days]

All TargetMol products are for research purposes only and cannot be used for human consumption. We do not provide products or services to individuals. Please comply with the intended use and do not use TargetMol products for any other purpose.

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Batch Information

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Purity:99.55%

Appearance:Solid

Color:White

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COA GC HNMR LCMS

Product Introduction

Succinic acid AI Summary

Succinic acid exhibits a range of bioactivities, including significant antiviral properties against Herpes simplex virus type-1 with an IC50 value of 1.3 nM in vero cells. It shows antileukemic activity in P-388 lymphocytic leukemia, extending survival in BDF1 male mice when administered intraperitoneally at doses of 0.6 mg/kg/day and 60 mg/kg/day. The compound demonstrates moderate efficacy against SARS-CoV-2, with inhibition rates observed in various assays, albeit often with high IC50 values indicating weak to moderate efficacy. Succinic acid has shown inhibitory activity on numerous enzymes. It inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) in human Hela cells, achieving complete inhibition at 500 µM. It also shows inhibition against enzymes like JMJD2E, HIF PHD2, ALKBH5, and others, though with varying levels of potency. The compound's aqueous solubility has a Log S value of -0.19, and it exhibits significant interaction with human L-xylulose reductase with a protein interaction energy of -113.69 kCal M-1. Its binding affinity to proteins, such as the Pyrococcus horikoshii sodium-coupled aspartate transporter and human PHD2, is generally weak, with Kd values in the micromolar range. In enzyme assays, Succinic acid inhibits several targets, including the FTO enzyme (IC50 of 370,000 nM) and the Na(+)/Dicarboxylate Cotransporter 3 (EC50 of 107,000 nM). However, it shows minimal to no inhibition against human FIH and other specific enzymes at higher concentrations. Further, Succinic acid has shown hypoglycemic activity in Swiss-Webster mice and displays toxicity in brine shrimp assays. Its antiyeast activity varies across different yeast strains, showing the most efficacy against Candida albicans with an MIC of 320 μg/mL. Additionally, the compound inhibits substrate uptake in human Na(+)/Dicarboxylate Cotransporter 3 and has demonstrated inhibitory effects on various enzymes involved in protein and DNA repair mechanisms, adding to its complex bioactivity profile..

Note: Summary generated by AI. Data source: ChEMBL

Bioactivity

Description	Succinic acid (1, 2-ethanedicarboxylic acid) is a product of anaerobic metabolism and an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Targets&IC50	CYP2C9:19.60 μM, CYP2D6:14.53 μM, CYP3A4:12.82 μM
In vitro	METHODS: After treating HEK-293 JumpIN-SLC13A3 cells with Succinic acid, the substrate uptake of Na(+)/ dicarboxylic acid cotransporter 3 (NADC3, SLC13A3) was evaluated using fluorescent FLIPR membrane potential dye. RESULTS: The EC50 of Succinic acid on HEK-293 cells was 107 μM. [1]
In vivo	METHODS: To study the anti-anxiety effect of Succinic acid, a single dose of Succinic acid (3.0 and 6.0 mg/kg) was orally administered by gavage to the mouse model of the elevated plus maze test. Single-dose Succinic acid (3, 6, 12 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into the mouse model of the elevated plus maze test. Single-dose Succinic acid (1.5, 3, 6 mg/kg) was orally administered by gavage to the mouse model of stress-induced hyperthermia. RESULTS: Succinic acid significantly increased the percentage of mice entering the open arm and the percentage of time they stayed in the open arm. Succinic acid significantly increased the food intake of mice within 5 minutes after administration. Succinic acid inhibited stress-induced hyperthermia at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg. [2]
Synonyms	Wormwood acid, Butanedioic acid, Asuccin, Amber acid, 1,4-Butandioic Acid, 1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acid

Chemical Properties

Molecular Weight	118.09
Formula	C₄H₆O₄
Cas No.	110-15-6
Smiles	OC(=O)CCC(O)=O
Relative Density.	1.564 g/cm3. Temperature:15 °C.

Storage & Solubility Information

Storage

Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.

Solubility Information

DMSO: 255 mg/mL (2159.37 mM), Sonication is recommended.

H2O: 5.9 mg/mL (49.96 mM), Sonication and heating are recommended.

In Vivo Formulation

10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline: 5 mg/mL (42.34 mM), Sonication is recommended.

Please add the solvents sequentially, clarifying the solution as much as possible before adding the next one. Dissolve by heating and/or sonication if necessary. Working solution is recommended to be prepared and used immediately. The formulation provided above is for reference purposes only. In vivo formulations may vary and should be modified based on specific experimental conditions.

Solution Preparation Table

H2O/DMSO

	1mg	5mg	10mg	50mg
1 mM	8.4681 mL	42.3406 mL	84.6812 mL	423.4059 mL
5 mM	1.6936 mL	8.4681 mL	16.9362 mL	84.6812 mL
10 mM	0.8468 mL	4.2341 mL	8.4681 mL	42.3406 mL
20 mM	0.4234 mL	2.1170 mL	4.2341 mL	21.1703 mL

DMSO

	1mg	5mg	10mg	50mg
50 mM	0.1694 mL	0.8468 mL	1.6936 mL	8.4681 mL
100 mM	0.0847 mL	0.4234 mL	0.8468 mL	4.2341 mL

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In Vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Please enter your animal experiment information in the following box and click Calculate to obtain the stock solution preparation method and in vivo formula preparation method:

For example, if the intended dosage is 10 mg/kg for animals weighing 20 g , with a dosing volume of 100 μL per animal, TargetMol | Animal experiments

and a total of 10 animals are to be administered, using a formulation of TargetMol | reagent

10% DMSO+ 40% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 45% Saline/PBS/ddH₂O , the resulting working solution concentration would be 2 mg/mL.

Stock Solution Preparation:

Dissolve 2 mg of the compound in 100 μL DMSO TargetMol | reagent to obtain a stock solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL . If the required concentration exceeds the compound's known solubility, please contact us for technical support before proceeding.

Preparation of the In Vivo Formulation:

1) Add 100 μL of the DMSO TargetMol | reagent stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix thoroughly until the solution becomes clear.

2) Add 50 μL Tween 80 and mix well until fully clarified.

3) Add 450 μL Saline,PBS or ddH₂O TargetMol | reagent and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained.

This example is provided solely to demonstrate the use of the In Vivo Formulation Calculator and does not constitute a recommended formulation for any specific compound. Please select an appropriate dissolution and formulation strategy based on your experimental model and route of administration.

All co-solvents required for this protocol, includingDMSO, PEG300/PEG400, Tween 80, SBE-β-CD, and Corn oil, are available for purchase on the TargetMol website.

Dose Conversion

You can also refer to dose conversion for different animals. More Dose Conversion

Tech Support

Please see Inhibitor Handling Instructions for more frequently ask questions. Topics include: how to prepare stock solutions, how to store products, and cautions on cell-based assays & animal experiments, etc