Cell Cycle Arrest

Ginsenoside C-K (Ginsenoside K) is a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1 exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2.

Gracillin can induce cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HL60 cells, and has the potential to be developed as an antitumor agent. Gracillin can be selected as lead compounds for the development of new drugs against I. multifiliis.

Kaempferitrin (Lespenephryl) has antidepressant-like effect related to the serotonergic system, principally 5-HT1A. Kaempferitrin exerts cytotoxic and antitumor effects against HeLa cells. Kaempferitrin stimulates glucose-metabolizing enzymes, promotes glucose homeostasis. Kaempferitrin exerts immunostimulatory effects on immune responses mediated by splenocytes, macrophages, PBMC and NK cells. Kaempferitrin induces cytotoxic effects to include: cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway in a caspase-dependent pathway.

4-Oxofenretinide (3-Keto fenretinide) , a recently identified fenretinide metabolite, induces marked G2-M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Schinifoline is a quinolone derivative extracted from Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb with cytotoxic activity that promotes radiosensitization of cancer cells, affects the cell cycle and apoptosis.