LCL161 is a SMAC mimetic, an IAP antagonist with oral activity that inhibits XIAP (IC50=35 nM) in HEK293 cells and also inhibits cIAP1 (IC50=0.4 nM) in MDA-MB-231 cells. LCL161 has potential antitumor activity.

XIAP (HEK293 cells):35 nM, CIAP1 (MDA-MB-231 cells):0.4 nM

METHODS: MOLM13 cells were treated with LCL161 (1000-160,000 nM) and PKC412 (2.5-40 nM) for 3 days and cell viability was measured by trypan blue exclusion.
RESULTS: LCL161 moderately inhibited cell growth when administered alone.Combined treatment of MOLM13-luc+ cells with LCL161 and PKC412 killed significantly more cells than either drug alone, and the Calcusyn Combination Index suggests a synergistic effect. [1]
METHODS: NSCLC cells A549 and H460 were treated with LCL161 (10 µM) and paclitaxel (10 µM) for 48 h. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.
RESULTS: Apoptosis was significantly reduced in the LCL161/paclitaxel combination treatment group compared to cells treated with LCL161 or paclitaxel alone. [2]

METHODS: To test the antitumor activity in vivo, LCL161 (50 mg/kg twice daily) and PKC412 (40 mg/kg once daily) were administered by gavage to NCr nude mice injected with Ba/F3-FLT3-ITD-luc+ tumor cells for seven days.
RESULTS: LCL161 significantly enhanced the ability of PKC412 to inhibit the growth of Ba/F3-FLT3-ITD-luc+ cells in vivo.The difference between the inhibition of leukemia growth by PKC412 or LCL161 alone and the combination of PKC412+LCL161 was also significant.The percentage of spleen weights in mice treated with PKC412+LCL161 was smaller than that in mice treated with PKC412. Mice treated with PKC412+LCL161 had a smaller percent spleen weight than mice treated with the vector or either drug alone. [1]

CYP3A activity is assessed using the probe reactions, midazolam-1′-hydroxylation and testosterone 6β-hydroxylation. For reversible inhibition, incubations (37°C, 10 min) are composed of (final concentrations): potassium phosphate buffer (100 mM, pH 7.4), β-NADPH (1 mM), magnesium chloride (5 mM), microsomal protein (0.025 mg/mL), probe substrate (1 μM midazolam or 25 μM testosterone), LCL161 (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, or 100 μM) and organic solvent (0.2% acetonitrile for midazolam, 0.2% methanol for testosterone). After a 3-minute preincubation, the reactions are initiated by addition of β-NADPH and terminated by addition of acetonitrile (two volumes). Reactions are previously shown to be linear with respect to time and protein concentration (results not shown) with midazolam and testosterone turnover of 8.7±1.3% (n=3) and 2.6±0.20%, respectively. Formation of 1′-hydroxymidazolam and 6β-hydroxytestosterone is determined by LC-MS/MS as described below[3].

In vitro testing is performed using DIMSCAN (Only for Reference)

DMSO: 93 mg/mL (185.77 mM), Sonication is recommended.

Ethanol: 16 mg/mL (31.96 mM), Sonication is recommended.

H2O: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)