Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Escherichia coli 055:B5, are a unique component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. They are composed of three regions: lipid A, oligosaccharide core, and O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen). Lipopolysaccharides help maintain the integrity of the cell outer membrane and protect bacteria from damage by bile salts and lipid antibiotics. Lipopolysaccharides are highly immunogenic antigens that can enhance immune responses and can be used to construct inflammatory models.
Evolocumab is an inhibitor of the humanized monoclonal antibody PCSK9. It binds to circulating PCSK9 protein, resulting in inhibition of PCSK9 binding to LDLR. It can be used in studies of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
5-A-RU hydrochloride (5-Amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil hydrochloride) is an intermediate of bacterial riboflavin that activates mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT).5-A-RU is used in the study of breast and prostate cancer.
SBE-β-CD (Sulfobutylether-β-Cyclodextrin) is a β-cyclodextrin derivative with a sodium sulfonate salt separated from the lipophilic cavity by a butyl ether spacer group, or sulfobutylether. SBE-β-CD is widely used as a co-solvent in biological experiments.
PEG300 (Polyethylene glycol 300) is a polymer formed from repeating units of ethylene glycol that is water soluble, low immunogenicity, and biocompatible. PEG300 is a neutral polymer with a molecular weight of 300.
GLF16 HCl is a fluorophore-coupled Sudan Black B analog that allows rapid detection, isolation and real-time tracking of senescent cells by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
PFB-FDGlu is a lysosomal Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) substrate with cell-permeable specificity that is cleaved to produce fluorescein.PFB-FDGlu is often used in conjunction with a flow cytometer to measure GCase activity in living cells on an individual cell basis.
OSMI-4 is a low nanomolar O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibitor (EC50 of 3 μM in cells) that can be used to study OGT inhibition in different human cell lines.
Voxelotor (GBT 440) is a novel hemoglobin S (HbS) polymerization inhibitor primarily used for the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) and a cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor. Voxelotor targets and covalently binds to the N-terminal valine of the HbS alpha chain, thereby stabilizing sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS).
SM-102 is the only ionizable amino cationic lipid currently clinically approved for RNA therapeutics and can be used to synthesize lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). It shows potential in the development of LNPs for the delivery of mRNA-based vaccines.
Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) is an immunomodulatory monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface antigen CTLA-4 and also a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor.
Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a carotenoid naturally found in certain algae, serving as an accessory pigment in the chloroplasts of brown algae and most other heterokonts, which imparts a brown or olive-green color. It exhibits anti-obesity, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities.
Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. of the single trichothecene family and is commonly found in contaminated food and feed.Deoxynivalenol crosses the intestinal mucosa via a cellular bypass at the tight junctions.Deoxynivalenol transporters are unaffected by inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (PgP) or multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP). Deoxynivalenol commonly causes diarrhea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal inflammation in humans and animals.
(L)-Sodium lactate (Sodium L-Lactate) is produced from pyruvate by the enzyme Lactate Dehydrogenase. Lactate production occurs during anaerobic glycolysis or in proliferatively active cells. L-Lactic Acid occurs in small quantities in the blood and muscle fluid of man and animals. The lactic acid concentration increases in muscle and blood after vigorous activity. L-Lactic acid is also present in liver, kidney, thymus gland, human amniotic fluid, and other organs and body fluids.
Coelenterazine is a superoxide anion-sensitive chemiluminescent probe that can be used to detect the chemiluminescence of peroxynitrite and can serve as a luminescent enzyme substrate for apoaequorin and Renilla luciferase.
VRT-325 can repair folding defects by promoting dimerization of the two NBDs or by promoting folding of the TMD.VRT-325 accelerates the healing rate of CF cell monolayers.
20-O-Acetylingenol-3-angelate (Euphorbia factor Pe1) is a natural compound found in the leaves and stems of the plant Inga. It has a variety of biological activities including tumor growth inhibition, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antioxidant effects.
Elamipretide (MTP-131) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant tetrapeptide (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2) that reduces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and stabilizes cardiolipin, with blood-brain-barrier permeability. It is a potential therapeutic agent in the rare disease of Barnes syndrome.
DLin-KC2-DMA is a cation that can be used for siRNA delivery and is also an ionizable lipid. DLinKC2-DMA can bind to LNP and enable siRNA-mediated GAPDH gene silencing.
L-Asparaginase (L-ASNase) (L-ASNase), a hydrolase that catalyzes the conversion of L-asparagine, used in acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment.Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin.
Shield-1 is a specific, high-affinity, and cell-permeable ligand for FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP) and reverses instability by binding to mutant FKBP (mtFKBP), allowing conditional expression of mtFKBP fusion proteins.
AZD0780 (EX-A6975) is an oral small molecule PCSK9 inhibitor being developed by AstraZeneca as a first-in-class treatment for patients with dyslipidemia that is uncontrolled with statins alone.