Transferases,EC 2

GALNT2, also known as GalNAc-T2, is a member of the GalNAc-transferases family. Members of this family transfer an N-acetyl galactosamine to the hydroxyl group of a serine or threonine residue in the first step of O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis. GALNT2 may play a role in lipid metabolism. It catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. GALNT2 has a broad spectrum of substrates for peptides such as EA2, Muc5AC, Muc1a, Muc1b.

HER2 ERBB2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 1-652, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 71 kDa and the accession number is P04626-1.

The enzyme oligosaccharyltransferase (dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase) (DDOST), or 48-kDa subunit (OST48) is one of the catalytic subunits in this complex, exerts a typical type I membrane topology, containing a large luminal domain, a hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a short cytosolic peptide tail. DDOST OST48 catalyzes the transfer of a high-mannose oligosaccharide (GlcNac2Man9Glc3) from a dolichol-linked oligosaccharide donor (dolichol-P-GlcNac2Man9Glc3) onto the asparagine acceptor site within an Asn-X-Ser Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. The mammalian oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is an oligomeric complex composed of three type I transmembrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum: ribophorin I (RI), ribophorin II (RII), and OST48. OST48 is not a glycoprotein and is not recognized by antibodies to either ribophorin. Like ribophorins I and II, OST48 was found to be an integral membrane protein, with the majority of the polypeptide located within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). OST48 does not show significant amino acid sequence homology to either ribophorin I or II. It had been found that only the luminal domain of RI contains ER retention information. The dilysine motif in OST48 functions as an ER localization motif because OST48 in which the two lysine residues are replaced by serine (OST48ss) is no longer retained in the ER and is found instead also at the plasma membrane.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is a mitochondrial protein that regulates the TCA cycle.PDK4, a vital mitochondrial protein, controls the switch between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation based upon nutrient availability.Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) mRNA has been reported as an up-regulated gene in the heart and skeletal muscle of carnitine-deficient juvenile visceral steatosis (JVS) mice under fed conditions. PDK4 plays an important role in the inhibition of glucose oxidation via the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC).PDK4 gene expression is stimulated by thyroid hormone (T(3)), glucocorticoids, and long chain fatty acids.

ST6GAL1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 45.9 kDa and the accession number is Q64685.

TRIM21 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 56.5 kDa and the accession number is P19474-1.

Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the selection and maturation of developing T-cells in the thymus and in the function of mature T-cells. Plays a key role in T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8 surface receptors. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen-bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4 and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, thereby recruiting the associated LCK protein to the vicinity of the TCR CD3 complex. LCK then phosphorylates tyrosine residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM) of the cytoplasmic tails of the TCR-gamma chains and CD3 subunits, initiating the TCR CD3 signaling pathway. Once stimulated, the TCR recruits the tyrosine kinase ZAP70, that becomes phosphorylated and activated by LCK. Following this, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited, ultimately leading to lymphokine production. LCK also contributes to signaling by other receptor molecules. Associates directly with the cytoplasmic tail of CD2, which leads to hyperphosphorylation and activation of LCK. Also plays a role in the IL2 receptor-linked signaling pathway that controls the T-cell proliferative response. Binding of IL2 to its receptor results in increased activity of LCK. Is expressed at all stages of thymocyte development and is required for the regulation of maturation events that are governed by both pre-TCR and mature alpha beta TCR. Phosphorylates other substrates including RUNX3, PTK2B PYK2, the microtubule-associated protein MAPT, RHOH or TYROBP. Interacts with FYB2.

AMPK (G1 B2 A1) Heterotrimer Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & GST) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His and GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 160 kDa and the accession number is P54619&O43741&Q13131-1.

CSK Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells. The predicted molecular weight is 50.9 kDa and the accession number is P41241.

p38 gamma MAPK12 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & GST) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His and GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 69.8 kDa and the accession number is P53778.

GSTK1 gene encodes a member of the kappa class of the glutathione transferase superfamily of enzymes that function in cellular detoxification. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze a variety of reactions in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. They catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione with potentially toxic, xenobiotic substrates, thus aiding excretion from the body. GSTK1(glutathione S-transferase kappa 1) is localized to the peroxisome and catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to a wide range of hydrophobic substates facilitating the removal of these compounds from cells. GSTK1 functions in cellular detoxification.

VRK1 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells. The predicted molecular weight is 45.6 kDa and the accession number is Q99986.

PARP Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 114.5 kDa and the accession number is A0A024R3T8.

VEGFR1 FLT-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 85.1 kDa and the accession number is P17948-1.

Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2, also known as MAP kinase kinase 2, MAPKK2, ERK activator kinase 2, MAPK ERK kinase 2, MEK2 and MAP2K2, is a member of the protein kinase superfamily, STE Ser Thr protein kinase family and MAP kinase kinase subfamily. MAP2K2 MEK2 contains one protein kinase domain. MEK1 and MEK2 (also known as MAP2K1 and MAP2K2, respectively) are evolutionarily conserved, dual-specificity kinases that mediate Erk1 and Erk2 activation during adhesion and growth factor signaling. MAP2K1 MEK1 is a crucial modulator of Mek and Erk signaling and have potential implications for the role of MEK1 and MEK2 in tumorigenesis. MAP2K2 MEK2 catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in MAP kinases. It also activates the ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases. Defects in MAP2K2 are a cause of Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome (CFC Syndrome) which is characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, heart defects, and mental retardation. Heart defects include pulmonic stenosis, atrial septal defects, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is the only enzyme capable of esterifying cholesterol in plasma, thus determining the maturation of high-density lipoproteins. Because it maintains an unesterified cholesterol gradient between peripheral cells and extracellular acceptors, for a long time, LCAT has been considered as a key enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport.

MER tyrosine kinase (MERTK) encodes a surface receptor localized at the apical membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium. It plays a critical role in photoreceptor outer segment internalization prior to phagocytosis. Mutations in MERTK have been associated with severe autosomal recessive retinal dystrophies in the RCS rat and in humans. MERTK Mer Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53.38 kDa and the accession number is Q60805.

Genetic engineers have used glutathione S-transferase to create the GST gene fusion system. This system is used to purify and detect proteins of interest. In a GST gene fusion system, the GST sequence is incorporated into an expression vector alongside the gene sequence encoding the protein of interest. Induction of protein expression from the vector's promoter results in expression of a fusion protein: the protein of interest fused to the GST protein. This GST-fusion protein can then be purified from cells via its high affinity for glutathione. GST is commonly used to create fusion proteins. The tag has the size of 22amino acids(roughly 26 KDa), which, compared to other tags like the Myc- or the FLAG-tag, is quite big. However, many commercially-available sources of GST-tagged plasmids include athrombindomain for cleavage of the GST tag during protein purification.

ART1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 31.55 kDa and the accession number is NP_004305.2.

ATP citrate lyase, also known as Acly or Acl, is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA in many tissues. The enzyme is composed of two polymer chains which are polypeptides in human. ATP citrate lyase is responsible for catalyzing the conversion of citrate and CoA into acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, along with the hydrolysis of ATP. A definitive role for ATP citrate lyase in tumorigenesis has emerged from ATP citrate lyase RNAi and chemical inhibitor studies, showing that ATP citrate lyase inhibition limits tumor cell proliferation and survival and induces differentiation in vitro. In vivo, it reduces tumor growth leading to a cytostatic effect and induces differentiation.

UBCH8, also known as UBE2L6, belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. The family of ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzymes is characterized by the presence of a highly conserved ubiquitin-conjugating (UBC) domain. These domains accommodate the ATP-activated ubiquitin (Ub) or ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein via a covalently linked thioester onto its active-site residue. E2 enzymes act via selective protein-protein interactions with the E1 and E3 enzymes and connect activation to covalent modification. By doing so, E2s differentiate effects on downstream substrates, either with a single Ub UBL molecule or as a chain. UBCH8 is highly similar in primary structure to the enzyme encoded by the UBE2L3 gene. It catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin or ISG15 to other proteins. UBCH8 functions in the E6 E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53 TP53 and promotes ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of FLT3. At protein level, it is present in natural killer cells.

CDK2 is a member of the Ser Thr protein kinase family. This protein kinase is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28, and S. pombe cdc2. It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase, and essential for cell cycle G1 S phase transition. Cdks (cyclin-dependent kinases) are heteromeric serine threonine kinases that control progression through the cell cycle in concert with their regulatory subunits, the cyclins. Cdks are constitutively expressed and are regulated by several kinases and phosphastases, including Wee1, CDK-activating kinase and Cdc25 phosphatase. Although there are 12 different cdk genes, only 5 have been shown to directly drive the cell cycle (Cdk1, -2, -3, -4, and -6). Following extracellular mitogenic stimuli, cyclin D gene expression is upregulated. Cdk4 forms a complex with cyclin D and phosphorylates Rb protein, leading to liberation of the transcription factor E2F. E2F induces transcription of genes including cyclins A and E, DNA polymerase and thymidine kinase. Cdk4-cyclin E complexes form and initiate G1 S transition. Subsequently, Cdk1-cyclin B complexes form and induce G2 M phase transition. Cdk1-cyclin B activation induces the breakdown of the nuclear envelope and the initiation of mitosis. CDK2 associates with and regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin A or E, CDK inhibitor p21Cip1 (CDKN1A) and p27Kip1 (CDKN1B). Its activity is also regulated by its protein phosphorylation. CDK2 is involved in the control of the cell cycle. It also interacts with cyclins A, B1, B3, D, or E. Activity of CDK2 is maximal during S phase and G2.

Aberrant STK24 expression was an independent prognostic indicator in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Its dysregulation was associated with its DNA copy number alteration and methylation. STK24 CCM3-regulated exocytosis plays an important role in the protection of kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury.

GSK3B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 50.4 kDa and the accession number is P49841-2.