Daunorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic and topoisomerase II inhibitor with anticancer activity, inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis, and is commonly used to treat acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).

Methods:
Human T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Molt-4 and metastatic human pancreatic cancer cell line L3.6 were treated with various concentrations of Daunorubicin (7 nM–1.9 μM) and incubated for 72 hours to assess cell viability.
Results:
Daunorubicin significantly inhibited cell viability, with IC₅₀ values of 40 nM for Molt-4 cells and 400 nM for L3.6 cells.[1][2]

Methods:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as the animal model and administered Daunorubicin via intravenous injection at a dose of 3 mg/kg, three times at 48-hour intervals.
Results:
Daunorubicin treatment significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in renal tissue and markedly decreased total glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. It also caused elevated urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. [3]