2-alpha-mannosidase

Endoplasmic Reticulum Mannosyl-Oligosaccharide 1,2-α-Mannosidase (MAN1B1) belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family. MAB1B1 is a single-pass type II membrane protein and widely expressed in many tissues. MAB1B1 is involved in glycoprotein quality control targeting of misfolded glycoproteins for degradation. MAB1B1 can be inhibited by both 1-deoxymannojirimycin (dMNJ) and kifunensine. Defects in MAN1B1 are the cause of mental retardation autosomal recessive type 15 (MRT15). Mental retardation is characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning, it is also associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period.

Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids with preference for phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylethanolamines. Preferentially releases sn-2 omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA) chains over saturated fatty acyls. Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells. Efficiently hydrolyzes and inactivates PAF, a potent lipid mediator present in oxidized LDL. May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Secreted by lung epithelium, targets membrane phospholipids of infiltrating eosinophils, releasing arachidonate and boosting eicosanoid and cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis involved in airway inflammatory response. Secreted by gut epithelium, hydrolyzes dietary and biliary phosphatidylcholines in the gastrointestinal lumen, thereby regulating adipogenesis and body weight. Plays a stem cell regulator role in colon epithelium. Within intracellular compartment, mediates Paneth-like cell differentiation and its stem cell supporting functions by inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway in intestinal stem cell (ISC). Secreted in the intestinal lumen upon inflammation, acts in an autocrine way and promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis that stimulates the Wnt signaling pathway in ISCs and tissue regeneration. May participate in hair follicle morphogenesis by regulating phosphatidylethanolamines metabolism at the outermost epithelial layer and facilitating melanin synthesis. By generating lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) at sperm acrosome controls sperm cell capacitation, acrosome reaction and overall fertility. May promote neurite outgrowth in neuron fibers involved in nociception. Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Cleaves sn-2 fatty acyl chains of phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines, which are major components of membrane phospholipids in bacteria. Displays bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by directly hydrolyzing phospholipids of the bacterial membrane. In pulmonary epithelium, may contribute to host defense response against adenoviral infection. Prevents adenovirus entry into host cells by hydrolyzing host cell plasma membrane, releasing C16:0 LPCs that inhibit virus-mediated membrane fusion and viral infection. Likely prevents adenoviral entry into the endosomes of host cells. May play a role in maturation and activation of innate immune cells including macrophages, group 2 innate lymphoid cells and mast cells.

Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its interaction with PPP1R13B ASPP1 or TP53BP2 ASPP2. However, this activity is inhibited when the interaction with PPP1R13B ASPP1 or TP53BP2 ASPP2 is displaced by PPP1R13L iASPP. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis, but seems to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing CLOCK-ARNTL BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER2.

IL-4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 13.4 kDa and the accession number is P07750.

KEAP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells. The predicted molecular weight is 69.7 kDa and the accession number is Q14145.

Platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGFB) is necessary for normal cardiovascular development. The administration of PDGFB alone normalized tumor vasculature by increasing periendothelial coverage and vascular functionality. Interestingly, this effect exerted by PDGFB was also observed in the presence of DAPT. So PDGFB is able to improve tumor vascularity and allows the anticancer action of DAPT in the tumor. PDGFB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 14.3 kDa and the accession number is P01127-2.

The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses contains protrusions that will only bind to certain receptors on the host cell. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; APN, aminopeptidase N; CEACAM, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1; Sia, sialic acid; O-ac Sia, O-acetylated sialic acid. The spike is essential for both host specificity and viral infectivity. The term 'peplomer' is typically used to refer to a grouping of heterologous proteins on the virus surface that function together. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. It's been reported that SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. The main functions for the Spike protein are summarized as: Mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion; Defines the range of the hosts and specificity of the virus; Main component to bind with the neutralizing antibody; Key target for vaccine design; Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate.

AP2S1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli with C-6xHis. The accession number is P53680.

Thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB), also known as TRbeta and NR1A2, belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Featuring an N-terminal transactivation domain, a central DNA-binding domain, and a hormone ligand-binding domain, THRB isoform 1 2 expression localizes predominately to the liver and pituitary, respectively. THRB regulates the feedback of T3-dependent thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) transcription in the pituitary by binding to thyroid hormone (TH) response elements present on promoters of TH-responsive genes. Located on chromosome 3p24, THRB gene mutation has been linked to autosomal dominant resistance to TH (RTH), which is characterized by goiter and elevated levels of T3, T4, and TSH. THRB is a known pharmacological target for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). THRB may be a target for future cancer therapies since its knockdown enhanced the viability of endometrial cancer cells and activated the mTOR-4EBP1 eIF4G pathway.

HSV 2 (strain 333) Glycoprotein C gC Protein (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40.69 kDa and the accession number is P06475.

LRP-6 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 95.69 kDa and the accession number is O75581.

SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 (Omicron) Spike RBD Protein (aa 319-529, His), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.04 kDa and the accession number is YP_009724390.1.

Siglec-7 Protein, Human, Recombinant(aa 1-353, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 38.4 kDa and the accession number is Q9Y286-1.

HSP90 alpha Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 87.06 kDa and the accession number is NP_005339.3.

IL-T4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 51.06 kDa and the accession number is AAH36827.1.

IL-17C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 19 KDa and the accession number is Q9P0M4.

SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16.6 (Omicron) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 136.51 kDa and the accession number is YP_009724390.1.

SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16.1 (Omicron) Spike S1+S2 trimer Protein (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 136.33 kDa and the accession number is YP_009724390.1.

Mannose-Binding Protein C (MBP-C) belongs to the Collectin family of innate immune defense proteins. MBL binds to an array of carbohydrate patterns on pathogen surfaces. Collectin family members share common structural features: a cysteine rich amino-terminal domain, a collagen-like region, an α-helical coiled-coil neck domain and a carboxy terminal C-type Lectin or carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). MBL homotrimerizes to form a structural unit joined by N-terminal disulfide bridges. These homotrimers further associates into oligomeric structures of up to 6 units. Whereas two forms of MBL proteins exist in rodents and other animals. Human MBL-2 is 25 kDa. Human MBL-2 is a secreted glycoprotein that is synthesized as a 248 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal sequence, a 21 aa cysteine-rich region, a 58 aa collagen-like segment and a 111 aa C-type lectin domain that binds to neutral bacterial carbohydrates.

TNF alpha Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 57-233, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 18 KDa and the accession number is P01375.

FGF-2 Protein, Human,Recombinant (Q65I, C96S, N111G) is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 16 KDa and the accession number is P09038-2.

Anterior Gradient 2 (AGR2) is an 18-21 kDa member of the PDI family of enzymes. AGR2 is widely expressed in secretory cells, such as small intestine goblet, prostate epithelium, enteroendocrine cells, and multiple carcinoma cell types. AGR2 forms transient disulfide linkages with molecules destined for secretion, possibly aiding protein folding. Expression of AGR2 shows a positive correlation with expression of estrogen receptor in breast carcinoma and a negative correlation with expression of EGF receptor. Mature human AGR2 is 155 amino acids (aa) in length (aa 21 - 175). Cys81 is presumed to participate in intermolecular bond formation. Over aa 21 - 175, human AGR2 shares 94% aa identity with mouse AGR2.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone that is principally known for its role in erythropoiesis, where it is responsible for stimulating proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. Erythropoietin is a member of the EPO TPO family. It is a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. The differentiation of CFU-E (Colony Forming Unit-Erythroid) cells into erythrocytes can only be accomplished in the presence of EPO. Physiological levels of EPO in adult mammals are maintained primarily by the kidneys, whereas levels in fetal or neonatal mammals are maintained by the liver. EPO also can exert various non-hematopoietic activities, including vascularization and proliferation of smooth muscle, neural protection during hypoxia, and stimulation of certain B cells. Genetic variation in erythropoietin is associated with susceptbility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 2. These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy.

Lysosome membrane protein II (LIMPII),also known as SCARB2, is a type III multi-pass membrane glycoprotein that is located primarily in limiting membranes of lysosomes and endosomes on all tissues and cell types so far examined. Earlier studies in mice and rat suggested that this protein may participate in membrane transportation and the reorganization of endosomal lysosomal compartment. The protein deficiency in mice was reported to impair cell membrane transport processes and cause pelvic junction obstruction, deafness, and peripheral neuropathy. Further studies in human showed that this protein is identified as a receptor for EV71 (human enterovirus species A, Enterovirus 71) and CVA16 (coxsackievirus A16) which are most frequently associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Mutations in this gene caused an autosomal recessive progressive myoclonic epilepsy-4 (EPM4), also known as action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome (AMRF). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. In addition, LIMPII also has been shown to bind thrombospondin-1, may contribute to the pro-adhesive changes of activated platelets during coagulation, and inflammation.