Poly(I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium is a complex.Poly(I:C) is a synthetic double-stranded RNA analogue and a TLR3 and RIG-I/MDA5 agonist that enhances immunity and promotes apoptosis in cancer cells.Kanamycin is an antimicrobial agent that is effective against both Gram-negative and positive bacteria which is able to bind the 70S ribosomal subunit.

In GL261 mouse glioma cells, Poly(I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium (12.5-50 μg/mL for 24 h) induces dose-dependent cytotoxicity and significantly increases TNF-α and IFN-β expression, indicating proinflammatory and immune-stimulatory activity[1]. Poly(I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) (sodium) at a concentration of 10 μg/mL induced significant cell death in HeLa cells after 48 hours of treatment[2] At 5 μg/mL for 24 hours caused cytotoxicity and caspase-3 activation in B16-F10 melanoma cells[2].

In C57BL/6 mice, intraperitoneal injection of Poly(I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium (25 μg/mouse), combined with GL261 cell inoculation, stimulates strong CD8⁺ T cell responses in the tumor microenvironment and significantly suppresses tumor growth[1]. Intratumoral injection of Poly(I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium (50 μg/mouse, 3 times per week for 2 weeks) significantly suppressed tumor growth in a B16-F10 melanoma xenograft model in C57BL/6 mice[2]. Intraperitoneal administration (50 μg/mouse every 2 days for 5 doses) prolonged survival in a CT26 colon cancer mouse model[2].