Oxazolone is a haptenating agent that can induce models of acute or chronic colitis and atopic dermatitis. It activates Th1/Th2 responses, leading to weight loss and diarrhea, and the resulting inflammation can be alleviated by anti-IL-4 antibodies, anti-TNF-α antibodies, or IL-13R2α-Fc fusion proteins. It is also suitable for studying gene expression related to inflammatory bowel disease in zebrafish.

Oxazolone-induced AD-like skin inflammation model:
Seven days before the first challenge, mice were first sensitized with 3% oxazolone (100 μl) on the abdomen, and the challenge was repeated every other day by applying 0.5% oxazolone (10 μl) topically on the right and left ears, respectively. [3]
Oxazolone-induced ulcerative colitis model:
1. First, mice were lightly anesthetized with methoxyphene, and then 6 mg of coupling agent oxazolone was administered per rectum through a 3.5 F catheter and a 1 ml syringe;
2. The catheter was inserted 4 cm proximal to the anal verge, and 1% oxazolone, 50% ethanol solution was injected, with a total volume of 150 μL.
3. In order to ensure the distribution of oxazolone throughout the colon and cecum, the mice were kept in a vertical position for 30 s after injection. [4]