Alternariol is a natural product extracted from Etoac that demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo in murine hepatoma cells and in human serum, with additional effects on toll-like receptor signaling and regulation of pro-apoptotic protein expression. Alternariol has been shown to be inactive against methyl transferase enzymes, a feature relevant to its metabolic inactivation profile.

Treatment of human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) with Alternariol (10 μM, 24 h) can inhibit the innate immune response of both cell types [2].
Alternariol (5-10 μM, 24 h) reduces LPS-induced inflammatory response in BEAS-2B cells in a dose-dependent manner [2].
Alternariol (1-100 μM, 24 h) exerts an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of BEAS-2B cells and induces cell cycle arrest [2].
In V79 cells and mouse lymphoma L5178Y tk+/− cells (MLC), Alternariol (10 μM, 24 h) can induce mutations in the HPRT and TK genes [3].

Alternariol was administered via intravenous injection (1-5 mg/kg, once daily for 4 consecutive days), demonstrating embryotoxicity and immunotoxicity in mice during embryonic and infant developmental stages, while also triggering apoptosis [4].
In a DMBA-induced breast cancer mouse model, Alternariol (50-200 mg/kg, orally administered once daily for 24 weeks) significantly suppressed breast cancer progression by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation [5].