Curculigoside B is a naturally occurring phenolic compound traditionally used in Asian to protect against osteoporosis and maintaining skeletal integrity. Curculigoside B exerts antioxidant, anti-aging, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory functions, while effectively preventing pathological bone loss, establishing this compound as a validated osteoprotective therapeutic candidate of increasing interest in research.

Six phenolic compounds were isolated from Curculigo orchids, including 2,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (1), Curculigoside A (2), Curculigoside B (3), Curculigoside A (4), Cucurigigine D (5), and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxylignan-4,4'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6). All six compounds promoted osteoblast proliferation, while compounds (1), (2), and (4) also slightly enhanced osteoblast ALP activity. Compounds (1), (2), (3), (6), and the ethanol extract reduced bone resorption pit area, osteoclast formation, and TRAP activity [1].