Nicotinamide riboside tartrate (NRT) is an oral NAD+ precursor that raises NAD+ levels, activates SIRT1 and SIRT3, and serves as a vitamin B3 (niacin) source. NRT also improves oxidative metabolism and protects against metabolic abnormalities induced by a high-fat diet. Furthermore, NRT mitigates cognitive decline in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Nicotinamide riboside tartrate at a concentration of 0.5 nM over 24 hours has been shown to lessen the acetylation levels of Ndufa9 and SOD2, as evidenced in HEK293T cells using Western Blot Analysis[1]. Furthermore, this compound significantly elevates both intracellular and mitochondrial NAD+ content in a range of cell lines (C2C12, Hepa1.6, and HEK293 cells) in a dose-dependent manner, with effective concentrations spanning from 1-1000 μM[1]. Additionally, it enhances NAD availability, thereby reactivating antiviral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) functions, which bolster innate immunity against coronaviruses (CoVs), implicated in the causation of COVID-19[3].

Chronic supplementation of Nicotinamide riboside tartrate (p.o.; 400 mg/kg/day; for 16 weeks) resulted in an increase in both plasma and intracellular NAD+ levels, with the effects varying across different tissues. This study utilized 10-week-old C57Bl/6J mice (n=1) and administered the compound orally at a dosage of 400 mg/kg daily over a 16-week period, leading to a significant elevation in NAD+ content in a tissue-specific manner.