Saccharin sodium is a nonnutritive artificial sweetener. Saccharin sodium is widely applied in the manufacturing of various food products and pharmaceuticals, offering consistent sweetness without caloric contribution, supporting dietary studies, formulation development, and industrial applications in food and pharmaceutical sciences.

Saccharin sodium (0.5 mM, 2.5 mM, and 5 mM) exhibits varying degrees of antibacterial activity against different bacterial strains, particularly demonstrating significant inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus vitis vinifera, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [5].

In C57BL/6JRj wild-type mice, 0.1 mg/mL Saccharin sodium was supplemented through drinking water. The experiment was divided into a therapeutic model (Saccharin sodium administration initiated 3 days after acute DSS colitis induction) and a preventive model (5-week Saccharin sodium supplementation prior to chronic DSS colitis induction). Results demonstrated that Saccharin sodium administration via drinking water significantly reduced fecal bacterial load, altered gut microbiota composition (e.g., increased Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes), and effectively alleviated DSS-induced colitis severity, as evidenced by reduced disease activity index, decreased expression of inflammatory markers, and attenuated tissue damage [5].