Nicotinamide riboside malate is an orally active NAD+ precursor that elevates NAD+ levels and stimulates the activity of SIRT1 and SIRT3. Functioning as a vitamin B3 (niacin) source, it augments oxidative metabolism and provides protection against metabolic abnormalities induced by a high-fat diet. Additionally, Nicotinamide riboside malate mitigates cognitive decline in a genetically modified mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Nicotinamide riboside malate, at a concentration of 0.5 nM for 24 hours, has been shown to decrease the acetylation levels of Ndufa9 and SOD2, as observed through Western Blot Analysis in HEK293T cells[1]. Furthermore, it enhances the cellular and mitochondrial levels of NAD+ in a dose-dependent manner across a range of concentrations from 1-1000 μM in C2C12, Hepa1.6, and HEK293 cells[1]. Notably, this compound has the ability to elevate NAD levels, thereby augmenting the functionality of antiviral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), which play a critical role in fortifying innate immune defenses against coronaviruses, including the strain responsible for COVID-19[3].

Chronic supplementation with Nicotinamide riboside malate (p.o.; 400 mg/kg/day; for 16 weeks) elevates plasma and intracellular NAD+ levels in a tissue-specific manner[1]. This effect was observed in a study conducted on 10-week-old C57Bl/6J mice administered orally with a daily dosage of 400 mg/kg for a period of 16 weeks, leading to an increase in both plasma and intracellular NAD+ content, highlighting the compound's potential for targeted therapeutic applications.