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Pradimicin T2 is an antibiotic with activity against filamentous fungi and yeast-like fungi.

T- 2 Tetraol is a T-2 toxin metabolite, and also a trichothecene mycotoxin, with less toxicity and is unable to induce apoptosis.

3,3'-Diiodo-L-thyronine (3,3'-T2) is an endogenous thyroid hormone metabolite capable of enhancing mitochondrial COX activity in rat hepatocytes.

3′-Methoxyfurano[4″,5″:3,4]chalcone (Compound 2) is a selective A2AAR antagonist with an IC50 of 33.5 nM, indicating it has a high affinity. This compound is a natural product that can be extracted from the skins of Allium cepa L. Additionally, 3′-Methoxyfurano[4″,5″:3,4]chalcone is capable of promoting T cell activation and is useful in cancer immunology research.

Antibiotic AT 265 is a novel chlorosulfonyl nucleoside antibiotic active against certain Gram-positive bacteria.

Antibacterial synergist 2, functioning as a biofilm inhibitor, demonstrates inhibitory effects against pathogens such as S. enterica, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. This compound is applicable in research concerning biofilm-forming pathogens.

Compound 29 (Compound 7) is an anti-inflammatory agent that exhibits hepatoprotective activity [1].

Compound 28 (Compound 9) is an anti-inflammatory agent with hepatoprotective activity [1].

Anti-Heart Failure Agent 2 (Compound 1) is an anti-heart failure compound with anti-inflammatory properties, derived from processed Cornus officinalis. It inhibits nitric oxide release in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, decreases the size of myocardial infarction, and ameliorates pathological changes in cardiac tissue. This compound shows potential for heart failure research.

Antibacterialagent 288 (Compound 1) exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activities. It can be isolated from a mangrove fungus found in the South China Sea, identified as strain B60.

Quercetin, a flavonoid natural product, is a SIRT1 activator. It is also a PI3K inhibitor, inhibiting PI3Kγ, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kβ with IC50 values of 2.4, 3.0, and 5.4 μM, respectively. Recognized as a heat shock protein inhibitor, Quercetin can significantly reduce exosome release in TII models by downregulating Hsp70 or Hsp90.

Rotenone is a natural plant-derived insecticide that acts as an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I. It promotes the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, induces apoptosis, and is commonly used to establish Parkinson's disease models.

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is a phenolic antioxidant polyphenol flavonoid found in plants such as green and black tea, which inhibits telomerase and DNA methyltransferase, blocks the activation of EGF receptors and HER-2 receptors, inhibits cellular oxidation, and prevents free radical damage to cells.

Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an N-acetyl derivative of cysteine, a ROS inhibitor and mucolytic agent. Acetylcysteine induces apoptosis, can be used to reduce mucus thickness, and has anti-influenza viral activity.

Corticosterone (Kendall's compound B) is an adrenocortical steroid with salocorticoid and glucocorticoid activity that is orally active. Corticosterone is involved in the regulation of energy, immune responses, and stress responses in the body.

Resveratrol (SRT 501) is a polyphenolic natural product, a plant antitoxin with antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol has a wide range of targets including COX, SIRT, LOC, etc. Resveratrol induces autophagy and apoptosis.

Doxycycline is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic with broad-spectrum inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), possessing both antibacterial and antitumor activities, and is commonly used in inducible gene expression ON-OFF systems.

Doxycycline (hyclate) is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), possessing both antibacterial and antitumor properties, and is commonly used in inducible gene expression ON-OFF systems.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) provides cellular energy, participates in overall energy balance, and maintains intracellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule through interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a variety of processes including neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodeling.

NNK is a nitrosated derivative of nicotine that activates the ERK1/2 and PKCα signaling pathways, induces Bcl2 phosphorylation at Ser70, and activates c-Myc at Thr58 and Ser62, thereby promoting the proliferation and survival of human lung cancer cells, and is commonly used to establish lung cancer mouse models.

Heparin (Adomiparin) is a mucopolysaccharide sulfate often used as an anticoagulant in clinical medicine.Heparin has shown partial anti-inflammatory activity in in vivo experiments.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an agonist for S1P1-5 receptors and a ligand for GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12. As an intracellular second messenger, it mobilizes Ca2+ and acts as an extracellular ligand for G-protein coupled receptors. This important lipid mediator is generated from sphingosine or other membrane phospholipids.

p-Cresyl Sulfate is the major uremic toxin present in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease and is derived from the metabolites of tyrosine and phenylalanine in the liver.

Puromycin dihydrochloride (CL13900 dihydrochloride) is a cinnamamide adenosine antibiotic and an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Puromycin dihydrochloride inhibits protein synthesis by binding to RNA and has antitumor and antitrypanosomal activity.