Tubulin-IN-56 is a tubulin inhibitor with cytotoxic effects on colon cancer cell lines (LS180, HCT116, SW620, LoVo). It downregulates βIII-tubulin expression and upregulates βIVa-tubulin expression within these cell lines. Additionally, Tubulin-IN-56 inhibits cell invasiveness and elevates intracellular ROS levels in colon cancer cell lines. This compound is applicable in colon cancer research.

Tubulin-IN-56 (Compound 1b) induces an increase in the proportion of M phase-arrested and apoptotic cells in colon cancer cell lines (LS180, HCT116, SW620, LoVo) over time (12-48 h). It shows antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 279 nM, 102 nM, 132 nM, and 45 nM for LS180, HCT116, SW620, and LoVo cells, respectively. At 3 μM concentration for 80 minutes, Tubulin-IN-56 alters the microtubule polymerization rate in HCT116 and LoVo cells. This compound significantly downregulates βIII-tubulin and upregulates βIVa-tubulin expression in SW620, HCT116, and LoVo cells. Tubulin-IN-56 inhibits invasion and reduces MMP-7 secretion in SW620, HCT116, and LoVo cells at 8 hours. It decreases cytoplasmic integrin-linked kinase (ILK) levels in LoVo cells. At 1 μM for 4 hours, it increases intracellular ROS levels in LS180, SW620, and LoVo cells. Additionally, Tubulin-IN-56 reduces the growth of LoVo cell spheroids in a 3D culture over 72 hours.