β-cell

Propargite is a pesticide used to kill mites and induces β-cell necrosis preceded by DNA damage, with an IC50 of 1 μM for inducing MIN6 cell death [1].

Nateglinide (Senaglinide) is an oral hypoglycemic agent and amino acid derivative that stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas and is used in the therapy of type 2 diabetes. Nateglinide has been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Dorzagliatin (HMS5552) is a dual-acting glucokinase (GK) activator. It also improves glycaemic control and pancreatic β-cell function in type 2 diabetes.

ML351 is a potent and selective inhibitor of human 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15 LOX)(IC50: 200 nM).

GNF2133 is an effective and selective inhibitor of DYRK1A with IC50s of 6.2 nM. GNF2133 can be used in studies about type 1 diabetes.

β-Bag cell peptide, a neuroactive peptide, elevates cyclic AMP levels and reduces the amplitudes of voltage-dependent potassium currents [1] in bag cell neurons.

MHY1485 is an mTOR activator that is cell-permeable. MHY1485 inhibits autophagosome and lysosome fusion, leading to accumulation of LC3II proteins and increased autophagosomes, thereby inhibiting cellular autophagy.

PND-1186 (VS-4718) is a specific and reversible FAK inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.5 nM.

Enzalutamide (MDV3100) is an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist (IC50=36 nM in LNCaP) that activates autophagy, exhibits antitumor activity, and is commonly used in treating desmoplasia-resistant prostate cancer.

Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) is a potent and selective inhibitor of iron death. Ferrostatin-1 potently inhibits Erastin-induced iron death in HT-1080 cells with an EC50 of 60 nM. Ferrostatin-1 also exhibits antioxidant and antifungal activities.

AU1235 is a Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitor.

Inz-1 is an effective and fungal-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 with IC50s of 8.092 and 45.320 μM for yeast and human. Inz-1 reverses Fluconazole or other triazole antifungals' resistance in the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans.

4-Methylcinnamic acid is a cinnamic acid analog that can be used as an intervention catalyst to overcome antifungal tolerance. 4-Methylcinnamic acid can improve the potency of cell wall-disrupting agents.

Imiquimod (R 837) is an immune response modifier and a toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist with antiviral and antitumor effects. It is used in the study of external genital warts, perianal warts, cancer, and COVID-19, and is commonly employed to induce psoriasis models.

Hexylresorcinol (4-Hexylresorcinol) is a substituted dihydroxybenzene utilized topically as an antiseptic for minor skin infection treatment.

Erlotinib (NSC-718781) is an EGFR inhibitor (IC50: 2 nM). It is used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Adenosine (D-Adenosine) is a natural product, a ribonucleoside consisting of adenine bound to ribose. Adenosine has vasodilatory, antiarrhythmic and analgesic effects.

Mepivacaine hydrochloride (Mepivacaine HCl) is the hydrochloride salt form of mepivacaine, an amide derivative with local anesthetic properties.

Chlorhexidine diacetate (Bactigras) is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Erythromycin (E-Mycin) is a Macrolide and Macrolide Antimicrobial. The physiologic effect of erythromycin is by means of Decreased Sebaceous Gland Activity.

Glufosinate ammonium is a phosphinic acid analog of glutamic acid and an herbicide with neurotoxic activity. It is converted by plant cells into PT (L-phosphinothricin).

Olanzapine (LY170053) is an atypical antipsychotic that is used currently in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar illness.

Sulfentrazone (FP-846) is purified form of sulfentrazone which acts as a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor.It is a phenyl triazolinone herbicide

Cladribine (2CdA), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, is utilized in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases.