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D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone (Gluconolactone) is a naturally occurring food additive used as a sequestrant, acidifier, curing agent, pickling agent, or leavening agent. It is a cyclic ester of D-gluconic acid and appears as a white, odorless crystalline powder.

alpha-Hexylaldehyde is a compound derived from cinnamaldehyde. It has potential anti-mutagenesis and chemical sensitization properties. It is widely used as an ingredient in many personal care products and as an additive in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

4-Vinylphenol is the metabolite of p-coumaric and ferulic acid by lactic acid bacteria in wine found in Hedyotis diffusa Willd. 4-Vinylphenol induces apoptosis in vivo.

Benzoylphenylalanine (LBPA) can be used as a photoaffinity peptide inactivator.

2-Allylphenol (NSC-1538) exhibits antifungal activity.

Alanylphenylalanine (Ala-phe) is a compound isolated from the brainstem of calves.

Alpha-Estradiol (Epiestradiol) is an estrogen that inhibits 5alpha-reductase and has potential in the study of androgenetic alopecia.

3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol induces accumulation of reactive oxygen species. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol exhibits anti-biofilm and antifungal activities.

alpha-Asarone (trans-Asarone) is a psychoactive compound with antidepressant-like activity in mice.

2,4,6-Trimethylphenol (Mesitol), primarily reacting with organic matter (3 DOM*), is a probe compound that undergoes rapid oxidation by singlet oxygen in aqueous solutions.

alpha-D-glucose (α-Dextrose) is a primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.

Butylphthalide (3-Butylphthalide) is an anti-cerebral-ischemia drug; first isolated from the seeds of Apium graveolens Linn.

4-Ethylphenol is the volatile phenol associated with the aroma in wine.

Berberine hydrogen sulphate (Umbellatine Sulfate) , an alkaloid extracted from several plants, possesses antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.

4-tert-Octylphenol, an endocrine-disrupting chemical with estrogenic properties, notably induces apoptosis in offspring mouse brain neuronal progenitor cells. This compound decreases levels of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), mitotic marker Ki67, and phospho-histone H3 (p-Histone-H3), thereby diminishing the proliferation of neuronal progenitors. Consequently, 4-tert-Octylphenol adversely affects brain development and behavior in mice.

Methyl p-tert-butylphenylacetate is a flavouring ingredient.

2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol) is a natural product.

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol is a common toxic secondary metabolite produced by various groups of organisms.

ALPHA-PINENE ((-)-Alpha-Pinene) is a bicyclic monoterpene found in pine trees and other plants, including Cannabis with diverse biological activities [1]. It reduces the growth of a panel of seven Gram-positive bacteria, seven Gram-negative bacteria, and eight yeast strains with MIC values of 0.75-1.29, 1.05-1.59, and 0.7-1.17%, respectively [2]. It has insecticidal activity against C. molestus larvae with LC50 values ranging from 47 to 49 mg/L.3 ALPHA-PINENE (100 μg/ml) induces apoptosis, increases anion superoxide production and DNA fragmentation, and activates caspase-3 in B16/F10 melanoma cells [4]. In a B16/F10 mouse xenograft model, ALPHA-PINENE(100 ml of a 10 mg/ml solution) reduces the number of metastatic lung nodules by approximately 7-fold. ALPHA-PINENE(8.6 mg/L, aerosol) also increases the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze by approximately 2-fold in mice, indicating anxiolytic-like activity [5].

DL-alpha-Tocopherol (Ephanyl) is a synthetic vitamin E that protects skin fibroblasts from the cytotoxic effects of UV light and has antioxidant properties.

2-Ethylphenol (Standard) is an analytical standard substance, typically employed as a reference sample for research and analysis involving 2-Ethylphenol.

Alpha-Pinene oxide is the oxidised form and endogenous metabolite of alpha-pinene, used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2-Methoxy-4-ethylphenol inhibits Flavin-containing monooxygenase 5 (NADPH oxidase) in human neutrophils and is widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol is a hindered phenol that can be used as an antioxidant to prevent oxidative degradation in plastics, rubber, and oils.