associated

GnRH Associated Peptide (GAP) (1-13), human Acetate was found to be a potent inhibitor of prolactin secretion and to stimulate the release of gonadotropins. Active immunization with peptides corresponding to GAP sequences led to greatly increased prolacti

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Associated Peptide (GAP) (25-53), Human, also known as hGAP-25-53, is a fragment of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated peptide that serves as an immunogen for producing antiseras such as MC-1, MC-2, and MC-3. This peptide is connected to the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) sequence through a 3 amino acid processing site [1].

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Associated Peptide (GAP) (1-24), human, also known as hGAP-1-24, is the 1-24 fragment of the human GAP, which is connected to the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) through a 3 amino acid processing site [1].

Galanin message-associated peptide (1-41) amide is a peptide hormone [1].

Microtubule-associated protein tau (26-44) is a synthetic peptide with an amino group conjugated to glutamine and a carboxyl group conjugated to lysine.

Tumor-associated MUC1 epitope, a biologically active peptide, is the distinctive feature of MUC1 mucin—a significantly glycosylated type I transmembrane glycoprotein. Its extracellular domain comprises variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTR) of a 20 amino acid sequence. This peptide is overexpressed on the surface of various human adenocarcinomas and hematological malignancies like multiple myeloma and B-cell lymphoma, rendering MUC1 a widely relevant target for immunotherapeutic approaches.

Cemadotin free base(LU103793 free base) is a novel anti-limiting peptide , an analog of Dolastatin 15, a naturally occurring cytotoxic peptide that blocks mitosis and inhibits microtubules (tubulin) with a Ki of 1 μM. Cemadotin is used in research against cancer.

H-Glu(OMe)-OH, a glutamate derivative, is used in synthesizing various compounds and is associated with immune and metabolic processes in the body.

Dusquetide aceate is an innate immune defense regulator against damage-associated molecular patterns and pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Dusquetide aceate shows anti-inflammation and antibacterial activities.

Auristatin E, a cytotoxic tubulin modifier, disrupts cell division by inhibiting tubulin polymerisation. This compound demonstrates potent and selective antitumor activities, serving as an MMAE analog and cytotoxin in antibody-drug conjugates.

N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-Lys (fMLFK) is a peptide that acts as a potent and selective agonist of FPR1, with EC50s of 3.5 nM for FPR1, 6.7 μM for FPR2, and 0.88 μM for FPR2-D2817.32G. This chemotactic peptide binds specifically to receptors on leukocyte membranes and its uptake can contribute to the quantitative assessment of neutrophils in localized inflammatory processes, independent of associated edema formation or microcirculatory compromise.

CLIP 86-100 acetate(648881-58-7 free base) is amino acids 86 to 100 fragment of class II-associated invariant chain peptide called CLIP. The major histocompatibility complex class II molecule displays peptide fragments of foreign proteins to trigger a defensive reaction from the immune system. Before insertion of the foreign peptides into the binding groove, a place-holding peptide CLIP is removed. CLIP 86-100 acetate(648881-58-7 free base) is accomplished by the molecule DM, which is shown to increase the dissociation rate of a CLIP peptide from class II.

Davunetide acetate is derived from activity-dependent neuroprotective protein existing in the mammalian CNS. Davunetide acetate is a microtubule-stabilizing peptide and inhibits Aβ aggregation and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Davunetide acetate possesses neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and cognitive protective properties.

Osteocalcin (1-49) is a non-collagenous peptide that is secreted by osteoblasts and odontoblasts and comprises 1-2% of the total protein in bone. Secretion of osteocalcin (1-49) is stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D and plasma levels increase in diseases that induce dysregulated bone turnover such as osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteocalcin (1-49) is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity and negatively correlated with high blood glucose levels in women. In vitro, osteocalcin induces chemotaxis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, human peripheral blood monocytes, and rat osteosarcoma cells with osteoblast-like characteristics. It is also expressed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) displaying an osteoblast-like phenotype and has been positively associated with calcification of aortic tissue and heart valves in humans.

Antileukinate is a synthetic hexapeptide with an acetylated amino terminus and an amidated carboxyl terminus that inhibits the binding of CXC chemokines to the chemokine receptor CXCR2. It inhibits IL-8 binding to neutrophils (Ki = 2.7-13 μM), prevents neutrophil chemotaxis and β-glucuronidase release, and blocks IL-8-induced skin edema in rabbits. At 53 mg/kg, antileukinate has been shown to protect mice against acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury.

β-Amyloid (1-37) (human) is potentially associated with mental status in Alzheimer's disease.

β-Endorphin (1-27) is an endogenous peptide that binds to μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors (Kis = 5.31, 6.17, and 39.82 nM, respectively, in COS-1 cells expressing rat receptors). It binds to rat and mouse brain membrane preparations (IC50s = 1.1 and 5.7 nM, respectively) and induces chemotaxis of human monocytes in vitro when used at a concentration of 1 nM. Intracerebroventricular administration of β-endorphin (1-27) increases the latency to tail withdrawal in response to thermal stimulation in mice with a median antinociceptive dose (AD50) of 1,500 pmol per animal. It inhibits antinociception induced by β-endorphin in mice in response to thermal stimuli when administered at a dose of 65 pmol per animal. In rats, β-endorphin (1-27) does not affect drug-associated place preference when administered at doses up to 20 μg, i.c.v., but inhibits β-endorphin-induced place preference when administered at a dose of 10 μg per animal.

Difelikefalin (CR-845; FE-202845) is a peripherally restricted, selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist with anti-inflammatory properties, demonstrating potential for modulating pruritus in chronic kidney disease.

β-Amyloid (1-38), derived from mice and rats, is a chemical compound comprising 38 amino acids, specifically residues 1-38 of the Aβ peptide. Notably, it serves as the primary constituent of amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Insulin β Chain Peptide (15-23), also referred to as INS, is an insulin-derived peptide specifically recognized by islet-associated T cells. The tetramer of Insulin β Chain Peptide (15-23) effectively stained the INS-reactive CTL clone G9C8; however, neither this tetramer nor the negative control tetramer (TUM) stained splenic CD8+ T cells from NOD or 8.3-TCRαβ transgenic NOD mice.

LyP-1 is a cyclic peptide comprised of 9 amino acids, designed to target and bind selectively to p32 receptors that are overexpressed in a range of tumor-associated cells.

LyP-1 acetate is a tumor homing peptide specifically binding to p32 receptors overexpressed in various tumor-associated cells.

Methyl acetyl-L-cysteinate (N-Acetyl-L-cysteine methyl ester) is a cysteine derivative that is used in biosynthesis and is associated with body metabolism and immunity.

Ozarelix is a fourth generation GnRH antagonist, induces apoptosis in hormone refractory androgen receptor negative prostate cancer cells modulating expression and activity of death receptors. Mechanistically, LHRH antagonists exert rapid inhibition of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone with an accompanying rapid decrease in sex hormones and would therefore be expected to be effective in a variety of hormonally dependent disease states including ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, uterine myoma and endometriosis. BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that is caused by testosterone. Unlike LHRH agonists, ozarelix has the potential to reduce testosterone just enough to reduce both prostate size and symptoms without the severe side effects associated with a reduction in testosterone.