pe

Prolyl Endopeptidase is highly active in the brain and other tissues, where it degrades peptides containing proline, such as Substance P, neuropeptide Y, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, bradykinin, and angiotensin II. This enzyme is utilized in researching neuropsychiatric disorders including stress disorders, depression, and schizophrenia.

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) contains phospholipids found in mammals, formed by decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine.

18:0 LYSO-PE is a compound that induces an increase in [Ca2+]i and can be used as a phospholipid (PL) standard for lipid analysis by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) MS.

06:0 PE (PE(6:0 6:0)) is a water-soluble phospholipid characterized by its short acyl chains. It possesses notable antitumor activity and can inhibit tumor progression in the body. Additionally, it exhibits antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic properties, and serves as a precursor for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.

1-1(Z)-Octadecenyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (18:0p 22:6-PE) is a lipid identified in rat brain tissue using mass spectrometry imaging techniques. It exhibits specific structural and distribution properties, allowing the differentiation of isomers of various fatty acid chains through refined methods.

1-Stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (18:0-22:6 PE) is a lipid compound utilized in the preparation of liposomes. Liposomes, forming the central component of concentric phospholipid bilayer vesicles, are pivotal in constructing drug delivery systems for anti-cancer and anti-infection applications. They effectively encapsulate hydrophilic payloads within their aqueous internal spaces, while lipophilic compounds are integrated into and become part of the lipid bilayer. This compound is particularly effective for delivering antisense oligonucleotides, addressing challenges such as inefficient cellular uptake and rapid loss in the body.

18:1 Dimethyl PE (1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N,N-dimethyl) is a type of phospholipid utilized in life science research, often serving as a biomaterial or organic compound.

18:1 PE (DOPE) pSar25 is a derivative of polyethylene glycol, suitable for use in liposome and lipid nanoparticle delivery systems.

DNS-pE is the first small molecule that can selectively label endogenous 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) from various mammalian cells.

1-Palmitoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PE is a naturally occurring lysophospholipid that inhibits the growth of L. donovani promastigotes (GIC50 = 8 uM). Its serum levels are decreased in mouse models of alcohol-induced liver injury and hepatocellular carcinoma and in humans following an exercise regimen of 2.5 hours of running for three days. It has also been used as an internal standard for quantifying saturated lysophosphoethanolamines.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE-N-(cap biotin) is a biotinylated phospholipid. It has been used in PEGylated polyamidoamine-dendrimer-conjugated supported lipid bilayers (SLB) to isolate circulating tumor cells and tumor cell microembolis from patient-derived blood by antibody-coated microfluidics. [1] It has also been used as a component of SLBs to detect protein-ligand binding with ortho-conjugated Texas Red DHPE. [2] In addition, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE-N-(cap biotin) has been used in SLBs partitioned into nanowells to create DNA curtains, which can be used as a high-throughput tool for detection of protein-DNA interactions at the single molecule level.[3]

1-Myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PE is a naturally occurring lysophospholipid that induces transient intracellular calcium increases in PC12 cells. Serum levels of 1-myristoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PE are elevated in patients with malignant breast cancer compared to healthy controls.

PE(18:1(9Z) 0:0) is a naturally-occurring lysophospholipid and an analog of plasmalogen lysophosphatidylethanolamine. PE(18:1(9Z) 0:0) induces transient increases in intracellular calcium in PC12 rat neuronal cells in a concentration-dependent manner. PE(18:1(9Z) 0:0) increases the production of IL-4 and IL-2, but not IFN-γ. In mouse serum, PE(18:1(9Z) 0:0) (1 μg animal) induces the T helper 2 response. PE(18:1(9Z) 0:0) levels increase in interscapular brown adipose tissue in mice following three-day cold exposure.

1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid containing stearic acid at the sn-1 position and 15(S)-HETE at the sn-2 position, formed in human peripheral monocytes activated by the calcium ionophore A23187 through direct oxidation of 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE by 15-LO. Phosphoethanolamine (PE) HETEs (PE-HETEs), including 1-stearoyl-2-15(S)-HETE-sn-glycero-3-PE, are the main source of esterified HETE in ionophore-activated monocytes.

1-Stearoyl-2-15(S)-HpETE-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid with stearic acid at the sn-1 position and 15(S)-HpETE at the sn-2 position, produced by oxidation of 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO). At concentrations of 0.6 and 0.9 μM, it increases ferroptotic cell death in wild-type and Acsl4 knockout Pfa1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) treated with the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3.

Phosphatidylethanolamines are important components of cell membranes and biochemical pathways of fatty acid synthesis. 1-Palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl PE (PLPE) is one of the many phosphatidylethanolamines that may be present in cellular membranes. It has been used in studies involving the biosynthesis of anandamide via the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and lysoPLD pathways. PLPE can also be used as a specific substrate to assess the activity of sPLA2-IIA in the presence of other phospholipids.

1-Stearoyl-2-adrenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid containing stearic acid and adrenic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively. Levels of 1-Stearoyl-2-adrenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE are inversely correlated with subject age in mitochondria isolated from human post-mortem hippocampus [1].

PE(10:0 10:0) is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T66959.

14:0 PEG2000 PE (DMPE-PEG2000) is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-phospholipid conjugate that prevents vesicle aggregation during vesicle formulation and is useful in the preparation of nanostructured lipid carriers.

18:1 PEG-PE, a polyethylene glycol phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate, serves as a vehicle for drug delivery [1].

PE 22-28, a TREK-1 inhibitor exhibiting an IC50 value of 0.12 nM, is a 7 amino-acid peptide. It serves as a foundational sequence for the creation of analogs through chemical modifications and amino-acid substitution. This compound is utilized in depression research [1].

1,3-Dipalmitoyl glycero-2-phosphatidylethanolamine is a phospholipid incorporating saturated long-chain (16:0) stearic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) at the sn-2 position. Phosphatidylethanolamines, critical components of biological membranes, play essential structural and functional roles. Various PE types are instrumental in forming micelles, liposomes, and other synthetic membranes.

1-Palmitoyl-3-oleoyl-sn-glycero-2-PE is an active molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of 1-Palmitoyl-3-oleoyl-sn-glycero-2-PE is 884324-34-9.

1-Palmitoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE, a phospholipid comprising palmitic acid (at the sn-1 position) and docosahexaenoic acid (at the sn-2 position), is present in the nucleus of mouse liver but absent from mitochondria. Notably, its levels in pre-term infant plasma are lower compared to those in maternal or fetal plasma.