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Z-FY-CHO (Z-Phe-Tyr-CHO) is a selective histone L (Cat L) inhibitor that promotes autophagy, reduces the accumulation of P62, and blocks the activation of caspase-3 and PARP.

Ac-YVAD-CHO (L 709049) is a selective and potent tetrapeptide interleukin 1β-converting enzyme (ICE) and caspase-1 (ICE)-like protease inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity, inhibits cancer cell growth, and inhibits the production of mature IL-lβ. Ac-YVAD-CHO attenuates quinolinic acid-induced p53 increase and apoptosis in rat striatum.

Z-LLNle-CHO is a cell permeable inhibitor of gamma-secretase. Z-LLNle-CHO induces apoptosis of human glioblastoma tumor-initiating cells by proteasome inhibition and mitotic arrest response.

CHO-CH2-PEG1-CH2-Boc is a PEG-based linker for PROTACs that joins two essential ligands, crucial for forming PROTAC molecules, enabling selective protein degradation by leveraging the ubiquitin-proteasome system within cells.

CHO-C-PEG2-C-CHO is a PEG-based linker for PROTACs that connects two essential ligands necessary for forming PROTAC molecules, enabling selective protein degradation by leveraging the ubiquitin-proteasome system within cells.

Ac-IETD-CHO TFA is a granzyme B and caspase-8 inhibitor that inhibits caspase8 activity by blocking caspase3 precursor cleavage.Ac-IETD-CHO TFA inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis.

Z-LLF-CHO (Z-Leu-Leu-Phe-CHO) effectively inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the pituitary multicatalytic proteinase complex with a Ki value of 460 nM and also serves as an inhibitor of NF-κB nuclear translocation, as documented in references [1] [2].

Ac-AAVALLPAVLLALLAP-DEVD-CHO (DEVD-CHO-CPP 32) is a potent and reversible inhibitor of caspase-3 [1].

Z-Gly-Pro-Phe-Leu-CHO (Z-GPFL-CHO) is a tetrapeptide aldehyde that acts as a selective and potent proteasome inhibitor, with inhibition constants (Ki) of 1.5 µM for branched-chain amino acid-preferred, 2.3 µM for small neutral amino acid-preferred, and 40.5 µM for chymotrypsin-like activities, and an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 3.1 µM for peptidyl-glutamyl peptide hydrolyzing activity [1].

Ac-DNLD-CHO (Ac-Asp-Asn-Leu-Asp-CHO) is an inhibitor of Caspase-3/7, with IC50 values of 9.89 nM and 245 nM, and approximate Ki values of 0.68 nM and 55.7 nM, respectively. This compound is utilized in the study of diseases associated with caspase-mediated apoptosis, including neurodegenerative and viral infection diseases [1].

mPEG-CHO (MW 350) participates in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery vehicle by carrying active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group of the chitosan chain to form a glutaraldehyde-type adduct, functionalizing mPEG. This functionalization and cross-linking can affect the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the cross-linked conjugated system to have a slow-release function.

mPEG-CHO (MW 550) is involved in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery carrier for active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group of chitosan chains to form a glutaraldehyde-type adduct, functionalizing the mPEG. This functionalization and cross-linking can affect the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the cross-linked conjugate system to possess slow-release capabilities.

mPEG-CHO (MW 750) is involved in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery vector when carrying active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group of chitosan chains to form a glutaraldehyde-like adduct, resulting in the functionalization of mPEG. This functionalization and crosslinking can affect the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the crosslinked conjugated system to have a slow release function.

mPEG-CHO (MW 1000) is involved in the creation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a carrier for active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group on chitosan chains to form a glutaraldehyde-like adduct, thereby functionalizing mPEG. This functionalization and cross-linking influence the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the cross-linked conjugated system to possess slow-release capabilities.

mPEG-CHO (MW 2000) is involved in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery carrier when combined with active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group of chitosan chains to form a glutaraldehyde-type adduct, thereby functionalizing mPEG. This process of functionalization and crosslinking can affect the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the crosslinked conjugate system to possess a slow-release function.

mPEG-CHO (MW 3400) participates in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery carrier when combined with active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group of the chitosan chain to form a glutaraldehyde-type adduct, thus functionalizing mPEG. This functionalization and cross-linking can influence the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the cross-linked conjugate system to have a slow release function.

mPEG-CHO (MW 5000) is involved in the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery carrier when combined with active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 group of chitosan chains, forming a glutaraldehyde-type adduct that functionalizes mPEG. This process of functionalization and crosslinking affects the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the crosslinked conjugate system to possess slow release capabilities.

mPEG-CHO (MW 10000) contributes to the formation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds and serves as a delivery vehicle when carrying active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 group of chitosan chains to form a glutaraldehyde-type adduct, thereby functionalizing mPEG. This functionalization and cross-linking affect the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the cross-linked conjugate system to have a slow release function.

mPEG-CHO (MW 20000) plays a role in creating three-dimensional porous scaffolds and acts as a delivery vector by carrying active substances. The -CHO functional group interacts with the -NH2 functional group of chitosan chains, forming a glutaraldehyde-type adduct, thereby functionalizing mPEG. This functionalization and crosslinking can affect the rigidity of the delivery system, enabling the crosslinked conjugate system to possess a slow-release function.

Ac-DEVD-CHO is a specific Caspase-3 inhibitor (Ki: 230 pM) with inhibitory effects on SLNT-induced apoptosis.

Ac-Val-Ala-Asp-CHO (Ac-VAD-CHO) serves as a pan-caspase inhibitor and preserves mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) while preventing the release of cytochrome c in cells subjected to hypoxia [1].

Caspase-3 Inhibitor I (N-acetyl-asp-glu-val-asp-al) is a specific inhibitor of Caspase-3.

Panitumumab is a fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR).

Diclofenac (Diclofenacum) is a nonsteroidal benzeneacetic acid derivative with anti-inflammatory activity. Diclofenac binds and chelates both isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and-2), thereby blocking the conversion of arachidonic acid to pro-inflammatory-proprostaglandins.