Trichodermamide B is a JAK/STAT3 inhibitor that demonstrates potent antiproliferative activity with an IC50 value of 0.12 μM against HCT116 cells. Furthermore, Trichodermamide B induces cell apoptosis (apoptosis) and exhibits anticancer properties.

Trichodermamide B (Compound 24; 0-5 μM; 72 hours) demonstrates potent, concentration-dependent activity in inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, with IC50 values of 4.79 μM for A549, 0.90 μM for DU145, 4.15 μM for Hela, 0.53 μM for MDA-MB-231, 0.66 μM for MCF-7, and 0.12 μM for HCT116. Additionally, at a low concentration of 0.5 μM, Trichodermamide B (0-5 μM; 1-2 weeks) inhibits colon formation in A549 and DU145 cell lines. The compound also dose-dependently inhibits migration of A549 and DU145 cells (0.5-5 μM; 48 hours), induces apoptosis in these cell lines at concentrations of 2.5-10 μM over 24 hours, and blocks the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway in a dose- and time-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 μM up to 24 hours.

Trichodermamide B (Compound 24; 10 or 20 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; daily; over 14 days) demonstrated potent efficacy in vivo, achieving a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate of 65% at a dosage of 20 mg/kg. It effectively reduced the levels of phosphorylated STAT3 and its downstream proteins, CyclinD1 and Bcl-xL, within the tumor. In the animal model, male BALB/C nude mice were injected with HCT116 cells. The compound was administered at dosages of either 10 or 20 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection, daily for a duration of 14 days, resulting in suppressed tumor growth.