effective

Cepharanthine (NSC-623442) is a natural alkaloid that inhibits TNF-α-mediated NFκB stimulation, plasma membrane lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation, as well as cytokine production. Cepharanthine exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities.

Doxorubicin hydrochloride is an anthracycline antibiotic with cytotoxic and antitumor activity. It is an effective inhibitor of human DNA topoisomerase I and II, with IC50 values of 0.8 μM and 2.67 μM, respectively. In addition to inhibiting DNA topoisomerases, it can reduce the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target, acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Doxorubicin hydrochloride also induces apoptosis and autophagy. In animal studies, it is commonly used to induce models of acute renal failure, chronic kidney injury, and heart failure.

Ceruletide is a decapeptide that serves as a safe and effective cholecystokinin receptor agonist, exerting a direct spasmogenic effect on the gallbladder muscle and bile ducts, and is commonly used to establish pancreatitis models.

Kainic acid is an excitatory amino acid receptor agonist (EC50=16.2 μM). Kainic acid is an effective excitatory toxic agent. Kainic acid induces epileptic seizures.

Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is an effective and selective calcium ionophore, demonstrating high specificity for divalent cations (Ca>Mg>Sr=Ba).

Allopurinol riboside is a metabolite of allopurinol with potency against parasites. Allopurinol riboside competitively inhibits the action of purine nucleoside phosphorylase on inosine with a Ki of 277 μM.

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is an effective calcium mobilization second messenger synthesized from NAD+ by ADP-ribosyl cyclase. It mainly increases cytosolic calcium through Ryanodine receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum release and extracellular influx via the opening of TRPM2 channels.

Tetramethylcurcumin is a novel curcumin analog, is an effective inhibitors of STAT3 phosphorylation, DNA binding activity, and transactivation in vitro.it also inhibits colony formation in soft agar, cell invasion, and exhibit synergy with the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin against breast cancer cells.

Anisylacetone (Anisylacetone) is an effective lure for the male melon fly.

Bergenin (Bengenin) is a polyphenol, which is an effective antinarcotic agent with antioxidant action.

L-Arginine hydrochloride serve as substrates and nitrogen donors for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO). They are transported into vascular smooth muscle cells via cationic amino acid transporters, where they are metabolized into NO, polyamines, or L-proline. As effective vasodilators, they are commonly used to induce experimental acute pancreatitis models.

Spiramycin (Rovamycin) is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens, effective against gram-positive aerobic pathogens, N. gonorrhoeae, and staphylococci, and is used to treat infections caused by bacteria and Toxoplasma gondii.

Penicillin G sodium(Benzylpenicillin sodium) salt is a penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.

N-Phenethylacetamide is an amide derivative of phenethylamine that can be used as a reference standard for quality control and analytical testing, and it can also be employed as an effective antimicrobial agent for use in aquaculture systems.

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (Farlutin) is a synthetic progestin that is derived from 17-hydroxyprogesterone. It is a long-acting contraceptive that is effective both orally or by intramuscular injection and has also been used to treat breast and endometrial neoplasms.

(E)-Cinnamamide (trans-Cinnamamide) is the less active isomer of Cinnamamide which is an effective non-lethal chemical repellent suitable for reducing avian pest damage.

4-Aminohippuric Acid is the glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.

Imipenem monohydrate (Imipenem) is a carbapenem antibiotic isolated from the microorganism Streptomyces cattleya, and is a β lactam antibiotic. Imipenem monohydrate acts on the bacterial cell wall, and is a broadly effective inhibitor of a wide range of Gram-positive and negative bacteria.

Nystatin (Fungicidin) is a topical and oral antifungal agent with activity against many species of yeast and candida albicans, which is used largely to treat skin and oropharyngeal candidiasis.

3-Phenylbutyric acid undergoes metabolism through initial oxidation processes involving both its benzene ring and side chain. It serves as an effective agent for the isolation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous PB1 from compost soil.

Ethyl oleate, a fatty acid ester produced through the condensation of oleic acid and ethanol, serves as the liquid lipid component in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). These NLCs represent a pioneering approach for the oral administration of trans-Ferulic acid (TFA), highlighting ethyl oleate's critical role in enabling effective drug delivery systems.

1,2-Dimethoxybenzene, a natural product secreted by Silene latifolia, is an effective pollinator for the nocturnal moth Hadena bicruris.

Cefoxitin (Rephoxitin) is a broad-spectrum, orally available second-generation cephalosporins antibiotic. Cefoxitin interferes with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Its activity profile includes Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and is commonly used in abdominal cavity infections, pelvic infections, and certain types of gynecological infections, and is highly effective against anaerobic bacteria.

Hordenine, an effective phenylethylamine alkaloid, has antibacterial activities.