MS-II-124 is an effective and selective NLRP3 inhibitor (IC50=0.12 μM) with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, suitable for the study of Acute Lung Injury (ALI)/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

MS-II-124 administered intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) effectively mitigates pulmonary inflammation and reduces immune cell infiltration in a wild-type C57BL/6 mouse model of LPS-induced ALI/ARDS (i.n. instillation, 40 µg in 40 µL PBS). This compound exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. In the specified animal model, MS-II-124 was given one hour before LPS instillation. The results showed a substantial decrease in IL-1β levels in pulmonary bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), indicating its efficacy. However, deletion of NLRP3 did not significantly impact IL-1β production.