NLRP3-IN-51 (Compound 3q) is an effective activator of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP). This compound demonstrates potential for treating gouty arthritis as it inhibits the production of IL-1β in THP-1 cells induced by monosodium urate (MSU). Furthermore, NLRP3-IN-51 suppresses the phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 triggered by MSU without impacting the self-cleavage and activation of NLRP3, pro-caspase 1, or the second messenger caspase-1. Therefore, the initial stage of NLRP3 inhibition by NLRP3-IN-51 occurs through the activation of CAP.