rna

RNA polymerase II-IN-1 (compound 19iv), an amatoxin, selectively inhibits RNA polymerase II (Pol II) with an IC50 of 36.66 nM and exhibits heightened cytotoxicity towards cancer cells while reducing toxicity in normal cells compared to α-Amanitin [1].

T7 RNA polymerase, expressed by Escherichia coli from the T7 bacteriophage RNA polymerase gene, is a highly specific enzyme utilized for in vitro transcription (IVT) of mRNA. This polymerase requires Mg 2+ and selects only DNA templates that contain the T7 promoter sequence, whether single-stranded or double-stranded. It employs NTPs to synthesize RNA that is complementary to the single-stranded DNA following the promoter [1] [2].

T4 RNA ligase is an enzyme that facilitates the ligation of single-stranded DNA. It is utilized for the synthesis of enzymatic oligoribonucleotides and the 3′-terminal labeling of RNA [1] [2].

Thailanstatin A is an ultra-potent inhibitor of eukaryotic RNA splicing (IC50 = 650 nM). It inhibits multiple cancer cell lines via non-covalent binding to the SF3b subunit of the U2 snRNA subcomplex of the spliceosome, displaying low-nM to sub-nM IC50s. Thailanstatin A, as a payload for ADCs, is conjugated to the lysines on trastuzumab, yielding linker-less ADC.

PD 198306 is a selective inhibitor of MAPK/ERK-kinase (MEK) with antihyperalgesic effects. PD 198306 reduces the Streptozocin-induced increase in the level of active ERK1.

IMT1B (LDC203974) is an orally administered, specific noncompetitive allosteric inhibitor of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT), effectively suppressing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression and conferring anti-tumor properties.

Uracil is a common naturally occurring pyrimidine found in RNA, it base pairs with adenine and is replaced by thymine in DNA. Methylation of uracil produces thymine. Uracil's use in the body is to help carry out the synthesis of many enzymes necessary for cell function through bonding with riboses and phosphates. Uracil serves as allosteric regulator and coenzyme for many important biochemical reactions.

Orotic acid (Vitamin B13) is an intermediate product in pyrimidine metabolism.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium (Poly(I:C) sodium) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5).

Mycophenolic acid (Mycophenolate) is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase(IMPDH) inhibitor with anti-proliferative activity.

Baloxavir (S-033447) is a first-in-class cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor of the influenza virus polymerase PA subunit.

Cytidine (Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside) is a pyrimidine nucleoside comprised of a cytosine bound to ribose via a beta-N1-glycosidic bond. Cytidine is a precursor for uridine. Both cytidine and uridine are utilized in RNA synthesis.

Orotic acid zinc (Zinc Orotate) salt dihydrate is an intermediate product in pyrimidine synthesis.

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate trisodium salt (CDP) catalyzes the production of Cytidine triphosphate (CTP) for DNA and RNA synthesis by transferring a phosphoryl group from ATP to cytidine monophosphate (CMP) through the action of uridine monophosphate kinase (UMPK).

KIN101 (3-(4-Bromophenyl)-7-[(methylsulfonyl)oxy]-4-oxo-4H-chromene), an isoflavone agonist of IRF-3 dependent signaling, induces IRF-3 nuclear translocation. KIN101 has antiviral activity against RNA viruses, HCV, and RSV.

Triazavirin, a nucleoside analogue of nucleic acid, is an antiviral agent.

TK216 is a potent inhibitor of E26 transformation-specific (ETS) with anticancer activity.

3-Methyluridine is a modified nucleoside of cellular RNA.

BMH-21, a small molecule DNA intercalator, binds ribosomal DNA and inhibits RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription and not affects phosphorylation of H2AX.

Aclacinomycin A (Aclarubicin) is a novel anthracycline antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces galilei with antitumor activity.Aclacinomycin A is an inhibitor of topoisomerases I and II and inhibits RNA activity.Aclacinomycin A has been used in the study of relapsed leukemia and advanced malignant lymphomas.

Roseoflavin, a chemical analog of FMN and riboflavin that has antimicrobial activity, can directly bind to FMN riboswitch aptamers and downregulate the expression of an FMN riboswitch-lacZ reporter gene in B. subtilis.

AT-130 is a HBV virus inhibitor with improved potency (IC50 = 0.13 μM) and reduced toxicity in the HepAD38 cell line. AT-130 blocks HBV replication at the level of viral RNA packaging.

Dasabuvir (ABT-333) is a non-nucleoside inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein 5B (NS5B), an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Upon administration and intracellular uptake, dasabuvir binds HCV NS5B polymerase, blocking viral RNA synthesis and replication. The HCV NS5B protein is essential for the replication of the HCV RNA genome.

4-Thiouridine (4-SU) is a photoactivatable ribonucleoside analog that is widely used for RNA analysis, including short-range RNA-RNA crosslinking and nascent RNA labeling. The crosslinking thio moiety is attached directly to the nucleotide base, thus 4-SU