calcium

Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is an effective and selective calcium ionophore, demonstrating high specificity for divalent cations (Ca>Mg>Sr=Ba).

Bekanamycin (Kanamycin B) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic.

Folinic acid calcium (Leucovorin Calcium) is the active metabolite of folic acid. Leucovorin is used principally as an antidote to folic acid antagonists.

Phosphorylcholine chloride calcium salt tetrahydrate (Phosphocholine chloride calcium salt tet) is a small haptenic molecule, is found in a wide variety of organisms. Human hepatic tumors undergo an elevation in the concentration of phosphorylcholine as the principal metabolic change is observed (PMID: 11076016 ). Phosphorylcholine chloride calcium salt tetrahydrate is the precursor metabolite of choline in the glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathways (KEGG, map00260) and in intermediate between choline and cytidine-diphosphate choline in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway (KEGG, map00564).

Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate (Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(calcium hydroxymethionine)) is a solid, water-soluble, weakly acidic nutrition enhancer (based on its pKa). This compound, also known as 2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, has been primarily detected in urine and is mainly located in the cytoplasm and adiposome of cells.

Levoleucovorin Calcium (CL307782), a calcium salt of the folinic acid, is used in cancer chemotherapy as an adjuvant.

Mupirocin calcium hydrate is an antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens, showed a high level of activity against staphylococci and streptococci and against certain gram-negative bacteria

L-Threonic acid Calcium Salt is an anti-osteoporotic that stimulates ascorbic acid absorption and is commonly used in calcium supplements.

Rhein-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(Rhein-8-glucoside calcium (Rhein-8-glucoside calcium salt) salt) shows moderate bioactivity against human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (hPTP1B) in vitro.

Aspartic acid calcium (Calcium L-aspartate) is a chelate in which calcium is bonded to L-aspartic acid, an amino acid that acts as a building block for proteins in the body.

Calcium 2-oxoglutarate, an intermediate in the production of GTP or ATP in the Krebs cycle, is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50: 15 mM).

D-Glyceric acid calcium hydrate is an endogenous metabolite found in urine, useful for studying primary hyperoxaluria type I and glutaric aciduria type 2.

D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt (Calcium pantothenate), a kind of water soluble vitamin, can reduce the patulin content of the apple juice.

Calcimycin (A-23187) hemicalcium salt is an antibiotic and a unique divalent cation ionophore (like calcium and magnesium). It induces Ca2+-dependent cell death by increasing intracellular calcium concentration.

Vitamin B15 (Pangamic Acid) hemicalcium, a substance naturally ubiquitous in plant seeds, serves as a stimulant for cellular respiration and contains D-gluconodimethyl amino acetic acid. This compound also acts as an immune-correcting agent [1] [2] and is applicable in treating a wide range of diseases.

Thapsigargin is a natural product, an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) and an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer. Thapsigargin increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration by blocking the ability of cells to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum.

Ionomycin is an calcium ionophore and an antibiotic that binds calcium ions (Ca2+). It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces conglobatus.It is used in research to raise the intracellular calcium level (Ca2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca2+ transport across biological membranes. Ionomycin promotes apoptosis and induces the activation of protein kinase C (PKC).

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is an effective calcium mobilization second messenger synthesized from NAD+ by ADP-ribosyl cyclase. It mainly increases cytosolic calcium through Ryanodine receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum release and extracellular influx via the opening of TRPM2 channels.

Hymenidin, an alkaloid isolated from the Okinawan sponge Hymeniacidon sp. is a 5-hydroxytryptaminergic receptor antagonist and voltage-gated potassium channel inhibitor with potential antiprotozoal effects.It selectively binds to FOXO1 DNA and reduces depolarization-induced elevation of cellular calcium.

1-Octanol, a saturated fatty alcohol, functions as an inhibitor of T-type calcium channels (T-channels), showing an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 4 μM for native T-currents[1]. Additionally, 1-Octanol is recognized for its potential as a biofuel, possessing diesel-like properties[2].

(±)-α-Bisabolol (Bisabolol) isa sesquiterpenol extracted from essential oils of chamomile, candida and other plants. It isa natural antiseptic with soothing, antiirritating, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activities. (±)-α-Bisabolol has anticancer effects on A549 NSC-LC cells by inducing cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial death and inhibiting PI3K Akt signaling (IC50 = 15 μM). (±)-α-Bisabolol can induce apoptosis of glioma cells.

Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium (Sodium taurochenodeoxycholate) is one of the main bioactive substances of animals' bile acid. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium induces apoptosis and shows obvious anti-inflammatory and immune regulation properties. It can increase glucose-induced insulin secretion and stimulate the electrical activity of α2-cells and enhance cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)).

NSC 42196 (Calcium glucoheptonate) is the calcium salt of (2xi)-D-gluco-heptonic acid. NSC 42196 is used as a calcium supplement for treatment of hypocalcemia.

Tacrolimus (Fujimycin) can bind FKBP12 to form a high-affinity complex (Ki: 0.2 nM) which inhibits the activity of the calcium calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase.