β-gal

ONPG (2-Nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside) is a colorimetric and spectrophotometric substrate used to detect β-galactosidase activity.

Lactulose (Lactulosum) , a synthetic disaccharide , is used in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy.

MS99-β-Gal (Gal-MS99) is a galactose-modified NPM-ALK PROTAC degrader. It is selectively hydrolyzed by SA-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and esterases specifically in senescent cancer cells, releasing MS99, which targets the degradation of the NPM-ALK fusion protein. In senescent Karpas 299 cells, MS99-β-Gal has an IC50 value of 454.8 nM, significantly lower than its IC50 of 2.162 μM in normal Karpas 299 cells. This compound is applicable in cancer research.

Beta-gal-nonoate, a β-galactosidase dependent nitric oxide (NO) donor, releases NO upon activation by β-galactosidase. It exhibits bactericidal activity, thus serving as an effective bactericide [1].

ST3 β-Gal α-2,3-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1) is a sialyltransferase enzyme that, when overexpressed in ovarian cancer cell lines, enhances cell growth, migration, and invasion, while also increasing tumorigenicity and resistance to paclitaxel in vivo. ST3GAL1 catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing substrates and is useful in studies of cancer progression and chemotherapy resistance.

ST3 β-Gal α-2,3-Sialyltransferase 5 (ST3GAL5) is an enzyme involved in glycosphingolipid (GSL) biosynthesis, known to inhibit TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis both in vivo and in vitro. ST3 β-Gal α-2,3-Sialyltransferase 5 is applicable for cancer research.

ST3 beta-Gal alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase 2 (EC:2.4.3.4, ST3GAL2) catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing substrates.

ST3 beta-Gal alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase 6 (EC:2.4.99., ST3GAL6; SIAT10, Type 2 lactosamine alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase) is responsible for transferring sialic acid from activated cytidine 5'-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid to terminal positions on sialylated glycolipids (gangliosides) or to N- or O-linked glycans on glycoproteins. This enzyme plays a significant role in cancer.

β-Galactosidase (GAL) is a glycoside hydrolase that hydrolyzes the β-glycosidic bond formed between galactose and its organic part, and naturally catalyzes the hydrolysis of the galactosidic bond in oligosaccharides and disaccharides for the degradation of lactose and the production of low-lactose and lactose-free lactose products that are beneficial to lactose intolerant patients.

GAL-021 an intravenous BKCa-channel blocker.

GAL-021 sulfate is a BKCa channel blocker that inhibits the analgesic effects of opioids and is used in the study of respiratory control diseases.

Gal-ARV-771 is a PROTAC prodrug, modified with galactose, based on ARV-771. It is activated in senescent cancer cells that express SA-β-Gal, thereby releasing ARV-771. Through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, Gal-ARV-771 induces selective degradation of the BRD4 protein in senescent cells and promotes apoptosis (apoptosis) of these cancer cells.

Galβ(1-3)GlcNAcβ(1-3)Galβ(1-4)Glc-β-pNP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Gal[236Bn]β(1-4)Glc[236Bn]-β-MP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Gal[2346Bn]-β-SPh is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Phenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (Gal[246Ac,3All]-β-SPh) is a biochemical reagent employed in glycobiology research. Glycobiology focuses on the study of sugar structures, synthesis, biology, and evolution. It encompasses carbohydrate chemistry, glycan synthesis and degradation enzymology, protein-glycan interactions, and the role of glycans in biological systems, closely linking basic research, biomedicine, and biotechnology.

MNP-GAL is Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with galactose. MNP-GAL serves as a substrate for measuring N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β-D-galactosidase.

Galβ(1-4)Glc-β-MP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Gal[26Bn]β(1-4)Glc[236Bn]-β-MP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Neu5Troc[1Me,4789Ac]α(2-3)Gal[26Bn]-β-MP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Gal[246Bn]β(1-4)Glc[236Bn]-β-MP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Galβ(1-3)[Neu5Acα(2-6)]GlcNAc-β-pNP is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Gal-β1,3-GalNAc-β-OMe is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

C2-Gal-Dox is a galactose conjugate known for its high cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells.