Conalbumin (ovotransferrin) is an egg white protein and glycoprotein with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties as a member of the transferrin and metalloprotease families. Conalbumin has a binding logarithm of 15 for Fe3+ at pH 7 or higher.

Conalbumin exhibits strong antimicrobial activity in vitro by binding iron with high affinity, thereby limiting iron availability to pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. At concentrations of 0.1-1 mg/mL, Conalbumin also shows mild antiproliferative effects on cancer cells like HeLa, possibly due to its antioxidant properties and induction of apoptosis[1].

In rat models, oral or injected administration of Conalbumin (20 mg/kg) enhances antioxidant enzyme activity (e.g., SOD, CAT) and reduces lipid peroxidation, indicating strong systemic antioxidant effects. Conalbumin also helps ameliorate oxidative stress-related damage such as hepatic inflammation and tissue pathology[1].