3-kinase

PI3-Kinase inhibitor targets PI3Kγ with an IC50 of 1.5 nM and shows selectivity over PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, and PI3Kδ, exhibiting IC50 values of 3,333 nM, >10,000 nM, and >1,000 nM, respectively. At 100 mg/kg, it reduces tumor growth in a 4T1 murine mammary cancer model. In a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), it lessens disease severity when administered at doses of 20 or 80 mg/kg.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalyzes the phosphorylation of the 3' hydroxyl position of PIs to produce the second messengers PtdIns-(3,4)-P2 and PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3. PI3Kα, β, and δ are class 1A enzymes composed of p110 and p85 subunits, whereas PI3Kγ is a class 1B PI3K composed of a p110 catalytic subunit and a p101 or p84 regulatory subunit. PI3Kα inhibitor 2 is a selective inhibitor of PI3Kα with IC50 values of 2, 16, 660, and 220 nM for the α, β, γ, and 2Cβ isoforms, respectively. It inhibits PKA, KDR, PKCα, and cyclin E/Cdk2 significantly less effectively (IC50 = 91, 3.4, 466, and 28 μM, respectively). PI3Kα inhibitor 2 inhibits A375 melanoma cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 580 nM.

PI3-Kinase α Inhibitor 2 (hydrochloride) is a PI3-Kinase α inhibitor.

Zandelisib is an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)(p110δ, IC50 of 3.5 nM), and with antineoplastic activity.

LY294002 (SF 1101) is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of PI3K, inhibiting PI3Kα, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kβ (IC50=0.5/0.57/0.97 μM). LY294002 is also an inhibitor of DNA-PK (IC50=1.4 μM) and an inhibitor of CK2 (IC50=98 nM). LY294002 activates apoptosis and autophagy.

Quercetin, a flavonoid natural product, is a SIRT1 activator. It is also a PI3K inhibitor, inhibiting PI3Kγ, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kβ with IC50 values of 2.4, 3.0, and 5.4 μM, respectively. Recognized as a heat shock protein inhibitor, Quercetin can significantly reduce exosome release in TII models by downregulating Hsp70 or Hsp90.

Recilisib (ON 01210) is a radioprotectant that activates AKT and PI3K activities in cells.

Inavolisib (GDC-0077) is an orally available selective PI3Kα inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.038 nM.It exerts its activity by binding to the ATP-binding site of PI3K, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of PIP2 to PIP3.

3-Methyladenine (3-MA) is a PI3K inhibitor that selectively inhibits class IB PI3Kγ (IC50 = 60 μM) and class III VPS34 (IC50 = 25 μM). 3-Methyladenine inhibits autophagy.

AZD-7648 is an inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) with the IC50 of 0.63 nM in an enzyme assay,has anti-tumor activity.

GSK840 (GSK'840) is a receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3 or RIPK3) inhibitor that binds to the RIP3 kinase domain (IC50: 0.9 nM) and inhibits kinase activity (IC50: 0.3 nM).

MSC2360844 is a potent, orally active and selective inhibitor of PI3Kδ(IC50 of 145 nM).

Duvelisib (INK1197, IPI-145) is a selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and p100δ, with effects on p110δ (IC50 value is 0.0025 μM), p110γ (IC50 value is 0.274 μM), p110β (IC50 value is 0.85 μM) and p110α (IC50 value is 1.602 μM).

GSK2292767 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PI3Kδ.

PF-04979064 is a potent and selective PI3K and mTOR dual kinase inhibitor, with Ki values of 0.13 nM and 1.42 nM, respectively.

iMDK quarterhydrate is a potent PI3K inhibitor that inhibits the growth factor MDK (also known as midkine or MK). iMDK quarterhydrate synergistically inhibits non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with MEK inhibitors without harming normal cells and mice.

Idelalisib (GS-1101) is a small molecule inhibitor of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110δ (IC50: 2.5 nM). The selectivity for p110δ is 40- to 300-fold than p110α/β/γ.

Alpelisib (BYL-719) is a PI3Kα inhibitor (IC50=5 nM) with selective, potent, and oral activity, inhibiting PI3Kβ/γ/δ with low activity (IC50=250/290/1200 nM). Alpelisib demonstrates antitumor activity and specifically targets PIK3CA mutant tumors.

CNX-1351 is a potent, isoform-selective, and targeted covalent inhibitor of PI3Kα.

Esculetin (Cichorigenin) is a coumarin derivative from various natural plant products with various biological and pharmaceutical properties including anti-edema, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour effects. It inhibits lipoxygenases (LOs).

1-Deoxynojirimycin (Moranoline) is a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, suppressing postprandial blood glucose, thereby possibly preventing diabetes mellitus.

Increased levels of erucic acid (22:1n9) have been found in the red blood cell membranes of autistic subjects with developmental regression (PMID: 16581239 ). Erucic acid (13(Z)-Docosenoic Acid) is broken down long-chain acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase, which is produced in the liver. This enzyme breaks this long chain fatty acid into shorter-chain fatty acids. human infants have relatively low amounts of this enzyme and because of this, babies should not be given foods high in erucic acid. Erucic acid is found to be associated with isovaleric acidemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism.

Musk ketone can induce the growth repression and the apoptosis of cancer cells. Musk ketone increases activity of glutathione S-transferase and thus may prove to be useful cancer chemoprotectant.

PI-3065 is a novel potent and selective PI3K p110δ inhibitor.