death

Programmed cell death in bacteria is dependent on a system of cell-to-cell communication termed quorum sensing. Extracellular death factor (EDF) is a linear pentapeptide that communicating cells produce and release, which upon reaching a sufficient concentration activates the cell death pathway in a subset of cells. It is sensitive to extreme pH, high temperatures, and other stressful conditions. At 2.5 ng/ml, EDF has been shown to facilitate mazEF-mediated cell death, significantly reducing population size in E. coli cultures.

Extracellular Death Factor TFA (EDF TFA) is a linear pentapeptide that is produced and released by communicating cells and activates cell death pathways in cellular subpopulations when sufficient concentrations are reached.EDF TFA is sensitive to extreme pH, high temperatures, and other stressful conditions. At a concentration of 2.5 ng/ml, EDF has been shown to promote mazeEF (toxin-antitoxin system within bacteria) mediated cell death, promote the endonuclease activity of MazF toxin, lead to degradation of bacterial mRNA, and significantly reduce population size in E. coli cultures.

Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) is a potent and selective inhibitor of iron death. Ferrostatin-1 potently inhibits Erastin-induced iron death in HT-1080 cells with an EC50 of 60 nM. Ferrostatin-1 also exhibits antioxidant and antifungal activities.

Dabuzalgron (Ro 115-1240), an orally active selective alpha-1A adrenergic receptor agonist, is used to treat urinary incontinence and prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by maintaining mitochondrial function.

(E/Z)-BCI (NSC-150117), a dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties, reduces LPS-induced inflammatory mediators and ROS production in macrophage cells by activating the Nrf2 signaling axis and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.

GW806742X is an inhibitor of Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like protein (MLKL) which binds the MLKL pseudokinase domain (Kd: 9.3 μM) with anti-necroptosis activity. GW806742X has activity against VEGFR2.

Pifithrin-α, p-Nitro, Cyclic (PFN-α) is a cell-permeable, active-form inhibitor of p53.

(R)-CR8 ((R)-Isomer) is a potent and selective CDK inhibitor.

Siramesine hydrochloride (Lu 28-179 hydrochloride) is a selective sigma-2 receptor agonist, which has been shown to trigger cell death of Y cells and to exhibit a potent anticancer activity in vivo.

Karanjin is a flavonoid obtained from the seeds of the karanja tree.Karanjin induces GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells by increasing AMPK activity. Karanjin can induce cancer cell death through cell cycle arrest and enhance apoptosis.

BML-259 is an inhibitor of CDK5 and CDK2 with IC50s of 64 and 98 nM, respectively. BML-259 can be used in studies about the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Propargite is a pesticide used to kill mites and induces β-cell necrosis preceded by DNA damage, with an IC50 of 1 μM for inducing MIN6 cell death [1].

Siramesine (Lu 28-179)(Lu 28-179) is a selective sigma-2 receptor agonist, which has been shown to trigger cell death of cancer cells and to exhibit a potent anticancer activity in vivo.lysosome-destabilizing agent siramesine can induce rapid cell death in a number of cell lines at concentrations above 20 μM. In HaCaT cells, cell death was accompanied by caspase activation, rapid loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome c release, cardiolipin peroxidation and typical apoptotic morphology, whereas in U-87MG cells most apoptotic hallmarks were not notable, although MMP was rapidly lost

BAI1 (Bax channel blocker) is a potent inhibitor of Bax-mediated mitochondrial cytochrome C release (IC50: 0.52 μM).

BI-6C9 is an inhibitor of tBid (Kd = 20 µM).BI-6c9 prevented MOMP and mitochondrial fission, and protected the cells from cell death.

Embelin (Embelic acid), isolated from the Japanese Ardisia herb, is an inhibitor of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (IC50: 4.1 uM).

J-14 is an inhibitor of reversible sulfiredoxin(IC50 : 8.1 μM). J14 induces oxidative stress (intracellular ROS accumulation) by inhibiting sulfiredoxin, leading to cytotoxicity and cancer cell death

TC11 (1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 5-amino-2-[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-TC11) is a potent inhibitor of tumor cell proliferation and an inducer of apoptosis via activation of caspase-3, 8 and 9.

3MB-PP1 is a bulky purine analog and a Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor. In cells expressing analog-sensitive Plk1 alleles, 3MB-PP1 blocks mitotic progression and cell division arise by targeting Plk1. 3MB-PP1 specifically inhibits analog-sensitive Ssn3 (Cdk8). 3MB-PP1 inhibits Leu93 Mutant Zipper-interacting protein kinase with IC50 of 2 μM. 3MB-PP1 can be used for the research of cell division and hypha formation of Candida albicans.

Temozolomide Acid (TMZA) is a metabolite of temozolomide (TMZ). Temozolomide processes anticancer activity in vitro. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent used to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and astrocytomas.

Geranylgeraniol (FT0626663) is an isoprenoid found in fruits, vegetables, and grains, including rice. Geranylgeraniol (FT0626663) inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of various tumor cells. Geranylgeraniol (FT0626663) protects monocytes against statin-induced cytotoxicity and suppresses the growth of Mycobacterium.

SI-2 hydrochloride (EPH 116 hydrochloride) is a highly promising inhibitor of SRC-3 SMI: SRC-3 (PPI)(IC50 values of 3-20 nM for breast cancer cell death), with acceptable oral availability.

AGK7 is an inactive control of AGK2, a selective SIRT2 inhibitor that selectively inhibits SIRT3 over SIRT1 and SIRT2 (IC50 = >5 μM, >50 μM and >50 μM for SIRT3, SIRT1, and SIRT2, respectively).

Concanavalin A is a natural product, a phytoalexin (glycan-binding protein). Concanavalin A has antitumor activity and can also induce acute liver injury.