phosphate

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an agonist for S1P1-5 receptors and a ligand for GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12. As an intracellular second messenger, it mobilizes Ca2+ and acts as an extracellular ligand for G-protein coupled receptors. This important lipid mediator is generated from sphingosine or other membrane phospholipids.

D-Fructose-6-phosphate (sodium salt hydrate) is a sugar intermediate in the glycolytic pathway produced by the isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate by glucose phosphate isomerase, and is used in cancer research.

Diethyl phosphate (Diethyl phosphoric acid), a Non-Specific Metabolite of Organophosphorus Pesticides.

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate (PLP)(1:x), the active form of vitamin B6, is a cofactor for many different enzymes involved in transamination reactions, including mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase, cystathionine γ-synthase, various aminotransferases, and a d-serine dehydratase.

Riboflavin phosphate sodium (FMN) is the sodium phosphate form of riboflavin, a water-soluble and essential micronutrient that is the primary growth promoter of the naturally occurring vitamin B complex. Riboflavin phosphate sodium is converted into 2 coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which produce energy by aiding in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, and are required for red blood cell formation and respiration, antibody production, and regulation of growth and reproduction in the body.

L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium (Sodium ascorbyl phosphate) is utilized in biocatalytic dephosphorylation for electric power generation and electrochemical detection assays.

Quinaldic acid is an endogenous metabolite.Quinaldic acid is a metal chelator.

D-Glucose 6-phosphate disodium salt is a compound widely present in biological systems. It is a molecule formed when glucose undergoes phosphorylation at the 6th carbon. This compound participates in various metabolic regulatory pathways within the body, including the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis.

Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen phosphate) is an aminoquinoline antimalarial and also is widely used as an autophagy inhibitor. Chloroquine also is an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).

Acetyl phosphate lithium potassium (Lithium potassium acetyl phosphate) is a compound involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism as well as pyruvate metabolism. Acetyl phosphate lithium potassiu is generated from sulfoacetaldehyde, converted to acetyl-CoA and acetate via phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase respectively. Acetyl phosphate lithium potassiu is also an intermediate in pyruvate metabolism.

L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (Vitamin C phosphate) is a stable and long-lasting vitamin C derivative that stimulates collagen formation and has potential antioxidant capacity. L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate is commonly used to promote osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) in cell culture by increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and runt-related transcription factor-2-DNA(runx2A) expression.

Pyridoxal phosphate (Vitamin B6 phosphate) is the active form of vitamin B6 and a coenzyme for many pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. PLP is involved in numerous enzymatic transamination, decarboxylation and deamination reactions; it is necessary for the synthesis of amino acids and amino acid metabolites, and for the synthesis and or catabolism of certain neurotransmitters, including the conversion of glutamate into gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and levodopa into dopamine. PLP can be used as a dietary supplement in cases of vitamin B6 deficiency. Reduced levels of PLP in the brain can cause neurological dysfunction.

Ribose 5-phosphate is the intermediate product of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the final product of the non-oxidative branch of PPP. Ribose 5-phosphate is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids.

Riboflavine phosphate (Flavin mononucleotide) is a derivative of Riboflavin. Riboflavin phosphate can be used to study keratoconus, corneal dilatation, and irregular astigmatism. Riboflavine phosphate is an efficient and economical recycler of NAD+.

In cells, D-Glucose 6-phosphate potassium salt (G6P) is generated when glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase or glucokinase or by the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase during glycogenolysis. G6P lies at the beginning of both glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathways. It also can be stored as glycogen when blood glucose levels are high.

sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate, produced by the reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate by NADH formed during glycolysis of the cytoplasmic glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase pathway.

Demanyl phosphate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T124381.

Creatinine Phosphate Disodium Salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T125448.

2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate disodium acts as a substrate for the enzyme 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA), which is categorized under class I aldolases. DERA efficiently facilitates the reversible aldol condensation reaction independently, without the need for any cofactors [1].

2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate is a unique metabolic intermediate exclusive to the non-mevalonate pathway (MEP) predominantly found in prokaryotes. It serves as a precursor for the synthesis of both isoprenoids and non-isoprenoids (including vitamins). Not present in humans, this compound represents a promising target for the development of bacterial-specific drugs for treating infectious diseases.

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate hemimagnesium salt hydrate is also known as dihydroxyacetone phosphate or 3-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl phosphate. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate hemimagnesium salt hydrate is found in all organisms from bacteria to humans. In humans, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate hemimagnesium salt hydrate is involved in many enzymatic reactions. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate hemimagnesium salt hydrate has been studied for the treatment of lymphoma, large cell lymphoma, and diffuse lymphoma.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is a rate-controlling enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that catalyzes the oxidative dehydrogenation of glucose-6-phosphate to produce glucose-6-phosphate and NADPH.It is a sex-linked metabolic enzyme involved in the shunting of hexose monophosphate.

α,α-Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) potassium is an intrinsic 6-phosphate derivative of α,α′-trehalose that acts as an intermediary metabolite, undergoing enzymatic conversion to the final metabolic product, α,α′-trehalose, via the enzyme Tre6P phosphatase (T6PP) [1].

AICAR phosphate (Acadesine phosphate) is an AMPK activator and inhibitor of autophagy, YAP, and mitophagy. It serves as an adenosine analog, regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS.