ca2+

Na+-Ca2+Exchanger inhibitory peptide (XIP) is an inhibitor of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger with a Ki of 200 nM. It acts non-competitively to inhibit Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake and Na+-dependent Ca2+ efflux in sarcolemmal vesicles.

Atosiban (RW22164) is an inhibitor of the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin. It is used as an intravenous medication as a labour repressant (tocolytic) to halt premature labor. Atosiban inhibits the oxytocin-mediated release of inositol trisphosphate from the myometrial cell membrane. As a result, there is reduced release of intracellular, stored calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myometrial cells, and reduced influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space through voltage gated channels. In addition, atosiban suppresses oxytocin-mediated release of PGE and PGF from the decidua. In human pre-term labor, atosiban, at the recommended dosage, antagonizes uterine contractions and induces uterine quiescence. The onset of uterus relaxation following atosiban is rapid, uterine contractions being significantly reduced within 10 minutes to achieve stable uterine quiescence.

Atosiban acetate (RW22164) is an inhibitor of the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin. It is used as an intravenous medication as a labour repressant (tocolytic) to halt premature labor. Atosiban acetate (RW22164) inhibits the oxytocin-mediated release of inositol trisphosphate from the myometrial cell membrane. As a result, there is reduced release of intracellular, stored calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myometrial cells, and reduced influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space through voltage gated channels. In addition, Atosiban acetate (RW22164) suppresses oxytocin-mediated release of PGE and PGF from the decidua. In human pre-term labor, atosiban, at the recommended dosage, antagonizes uterine contractions and induces uterine quiescence. The onset of uterus relaxation following atosiban is rapid, uterine contractions being significantly reduced within 10 minutes to achieve stable uterine quiescence.

Ziconotide Acetate (107452-89-1 free base) (Prialt) is an analgesic agent and has been used to treat neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain. Ziconotide Acetate (107452-89-1 free base) acts by binding to N-type calcium channels situated on the terminal part of primary afferent neurons of the nociceptive pathway therefore reducing synaptic transmission with potent antinociceptive effects.

Myomodulin is a neuropeptide present in molluscs, insects, and gastropods. Within these organisms, myomodulin A specifically occurs in two identified Aplysia neurons: the ARC motor neuron [B16] and the abdominal neuron [L10].

LL-37, Human acetate is a 37-residue, amphipathic, cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Calcicludine, a protein toxin derived from the green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps) venom, selectively inhibits high-voltage-activated, particularly L-type, calcium channels with an IC50 of 88 nM and plays a role in excitatory synaptic transmission [1] [2].

Calciseptine, a neurotoxin isolated from the Black Mamba (Dendroaspis p. polylepis) venom, comprises 60 amino acids and is stabilized by four disulfide bonds. It specifically targets and blocks L-type calcium channels [1].

AY 77 (Unk-Cha-Chg-NH2) is a potent and selective PAR2 agonist. AY 77 showed selectivity for Ca2+ and ERK1/2 signaling (ec50 value of Ca2+ release was 40 nM and ec50 value of ERK1/2 phosphorylation was 2 μM). AY 77 can promote migration of human breast cancer cells in vitro.

Argireline (Acetyl hexapeptide-3) is a peptide composed of amino acid chains that significantly inhibits Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) release at the neuromuscular junction, exhibiting notable anti-wrinkle and anti-aging activity[1][2][3].

CALP3 acetate is a potent Ca2+ channel blocker that activates EF hand motifs of Ca2+-binding proteins. CALP3 acetate can functionally mimic increased [Ca2+]i by modulating the activity of Calmodulin (CaM), Ca2+ channels and pumps.

RFRP-3(human) acetate, a human GnIH peptide homolog, is a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion by inhibiting Ca2+ mobilization. RFRP-3(human) acetate is a NPFF1 receptor agonist, it inhibits forskolin-induced production of cAMP with an IC50 of 0.7 n

Caloxin 2A1 TFA is a novel PM Ca2+ pump inhibitor. It inhibits human red blood cell Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase, blocking Ca2+ dependent formation of a 140-kDa acid-stable acylphosphate.

Caloxin 2A1 acetate is an inhibitor of extracellular plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) peptide. Caloxin 2A1 acetate inhibits Ca2+-dependent formation of the 140-kDa acid-stable acylphosphate.

AY 254 is a potent PAR2 biased agonist. Selectively activates ERK1/2 signaling (EC50= 2 nM for ERK1/2 phosphorylation versus 80 nM for Ca2+release). Reduces cytoKi ne-induced caspase 3/8 activation, promotes scratch-wound healing, and induces IL-8 secretion, in human colorectal cancer (HT29) cellsin vitro.

Box5, a potent Wnt5a antagonist, effectively inhibits Wnt5a signaling and associated Ca2+ release, as well as cell migration, showing promise for melanoma research [1].

ω-Conotoxin MVIIC TFA is a peptide and neurotoxin with 26 residues that preferentially blocks P-type and Q-type Ca ++ currents by binding with high affinity to voltage-sensitive neuronal Ca ++ channels (VGCCs) and can be radiolabeled and used in immunoprecipitation assays.

ω-Conotoxin GVIA TFA is an inhibitor of the N-type Ca2+ channel [1].

Syntide 2 (TFA), a substrate peptide for Ca2+- and calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), selectively inhibits the gibberellin (GA) response without affecting constitutive and abscisic acid-regulated events [1].

CALP2 TFA, a potent calmodulin (CaM) antagonist with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 7.9 µM, exhibits high affinity for the CaM EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site. This compound effectively inhibits CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity and elevates intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Furthermore, it significantly hinders adhesion and degranulation, while also acting as a robust activator of alveolar macrophages [1] [2] [3] [4].

CALP1 TFA, a calmodulin (CaM) agonist with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 88 µM, selectively binds to the CaM EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site, inhibiting calcium channel opening. This action blocks calcium influx and apoptosis with an IC50 of 44.78 µM, modulates glutamate receptor channel activity, and impedes a store-operated nonselective cation channel. Additionally, CALP1 TFA enhances CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity, denoting its multifaceted role in modulating cellular calcium dynamics [1] [2] [3] [4].

ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA is a potent selective inhibitor of P/Q type Ca2+ (Cav2.1) channels, with IC50 values of 2 nM for P-type and 90 nM for Q-type channels. It effectively inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx induced by high potassium, with IC50 values ranging from 30 to 225 nM. Additionally, it blocks high potassium-induced serotonin and norepinephrine release, without impacting L-type or N-type calcium channels [1][2].

Calcineurin Autoinhibitory Peptide TFA is a selective inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin), exhibiting an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of approximately 10 μM. This compound has been shown to protect neurons from excitatory neuronal death [1] [2].

RFRP-3 (Neuropeptide VF(124-131))(human) TFA, a human homolog of the GnIH peptide, significantly suppresses gonadotropin release through inhibition of Ca2+ mobilization. Acting as an NPFF1 receptor agonist, RFRP-3 (human) also blocks forskolin-stimulated cAMP production with an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.7 nM [1].