b cells

Alloxan Monohydrate is a diabetogenic agent that acts as a proteasome inhibitor and induces diabetes in experimental animals by damaging the insulin-secreting β-cells in the pancreas. It is commonly used to establish diabetes models.

Tirabrutinib hydrochloride is a potent, highly selective, and irreversible oral BTK inhibitor. Tirabrutinib hydrochloride irreversibly covalently binds to Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) in B cells and exhibits potent in vitro cytotoxicity against many types of B cell malignancies, as well as in vivo antitumor activity in mouse models [1].

Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD52 an antigen found on the surface of normal and malignant lymphocytes.

Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf-1, B-Raf, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, VEGFR4, PDGFRβ, FLT3, c-Kit, and others (IC50=6/22/90/15/20/20/57/58 nM) with oral activity. It exhibits antitumor properties and can induce autophagy, apoptosis, and agonistic iron death.

Paclitaxel (Taxol) is a natural product and a microtubule polymer stabilizer. Paclitaxel has anti-tumor activity and causes cell death by inducing mitotic arrest, apoptosis, and cell autophagy.

Etomoxir is an irreversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT-1a) (IC50=5-20 nM). Etomoxir inhibits fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting CPT-1a, inhibits palmitate oxidation, has an inhibitory effect on adenine nucleotide translocase, and can inhibit macrophage polarization by disrupting CoA homeostasis.

Bleomycin sulfate is a glycopeptide antibiotic with antitumor activity. It is commonly used as a DNA-damaging agent and DNA synthesis inhibitor. It functions by inducing DNA strand breaks without affecting RNA strands. Bleomycin sulfate is widely used in cancer research and for establishing pulmonary fibrosis animal models.

Bleomycin hydrochloride is a glycopeptide antibiotic and a DNA synthesis inhibitor. Bleomycin Sulfate can cause DNA strand breaks but not RNA strand breaks. Bleomycin Sulfate has anti-tumor activity.

Pevonedistat (MLN4924) is a potent and selective NEDD8 activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor (IC50=4.7 nM) with therapeutic potential for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and antitumor activity.

TRIM24/BRPF1-IN-2 is a selective dual TRIM24/BRPF1 inhibitor with anticancer activity that inhibits proliferation, gene and protein expression, and colony formation of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Etoposide (VP-16-213) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor that inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA (IC50=60.3 μM). Etoposide has antitumor activity and induces apoptosis and autophagy.

Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen phosphate) is an aminoquinoline antimalarial and also is widely used as an autophagy inhibitor. Chloroquine also is an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid natural product that inhibits influenza virus replication (EC50=24.7 μM) and aldose reductase activity (IC50=320 nM). Isoliquiritigenin has antitumor activity.

Sodium dichloroacetate (BCA) , a specific inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) with IC50 values of 183 and 80 μM for PDK2 and PDK4 respectively, has been shown to derepress a mitochondrial potassium-ion channel axis, trigger apoptosis in cancer cells, and inhibit tumor growth.

Urolithin A is a natural product, a metabolite of ellagic acid, which inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis and autophagy. Urolithin A exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.

NX-5948 (BTK-IN-24) is an orally bioavailable and blood-brain barrier-penetrable PROTAC BTK degrader with anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. It induces BTK protein degradation via the cereblon E3 ligase complex, inhibiting B cell activation.

Pascolizumab (SB-240683) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4, exhibiting asthmatic effects and useful for studying allergic rhinitis.

Tolebrutinib (PRN2246) is a potent, selective, orally active and brain-penetrant Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor(IC50s of 0.4 and 0.7 nM in Ramos B cells and in HMC microglia cells, respectively). It exhibits efficacy in central nervous system immunity. Tolebrutinib can be used for the research of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Ofatumumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD20. Ofatumumab acts on CD20-expressing B lymphocytes, inducing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity.

PAT-505 is an orally available, selective and potent inhibitor of autologous epidermal growth factor (IC50 2 nM in Hep3B cells, 9.7 nM in human blood, 62 nM in mouse plasma).

GW-870086 is an effective anti-inflammatory agent. GW-870086 also plays a role in a glucocorticoid receptor agonist (pIC50: 10.1 in A549 cells expressing NF-κB).

Tirbanibulin Mesylate (KX01 Mesylate) is an inhibitor of Src that targets the peptide substrate site of Src (GI50: 9-60 nM in cancer cell lines).

Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) has recently been shown to induce G2/M arrest, endoreduplication, and apoptosis through the Bcl-2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) , a main dietary phytosterol found in plants, may have the potential for prevention and therapy for human cancer. Although the exact mechanism of action of Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) is unknown, it may be related to cholesterol metabolism or anti-inflammatory effects (via interference with prostaglandin metabolism). Beta-Sitosterol (SKF 14463) induces apoptosis and activates key caspases in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.

Homoharringtonine (HHT) is a natural alkaloid that inhibits the translation of proteins and is cytotoxic. Homoharringtonine acts on the ribosomes of tumor cells to inhibit the elongation step of protein translation, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis, and has antitumor activity.