pain

AP-18 is a potent and selective TRPA1 inhibitor. AP-18 inhibits activation of TRPA1 induced by 50 μM Cinnamaldehyde with an IC50 of 3.1 μM and 4.5 μM for human and mouse TRPA1, respectively. AP-18 could reverse complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in mice. AP-18 could attenuate Yo-Pro uptake induced by 30 μM AITC in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50= 10.3 μM).

Amitriptyline hydrochloride (Annoyltin) is the hydrochloride salt of the tricyclic dibenzocycloheptadiene amitriptyline with antidepressant and antinociceptive activities.

PF 05089771 is a Selective inhibitor of Nav1.7 (IC50 = 11 nM) that interacts with the voltage-sensor domain of domain IV. It shows a slow onset of the block that is depolarization and concentration-dependent.

Paederosidic acid methyl ester has antinociception, is possibly related to the pathway of NO-cGMP-ATP sensitive K(+) channels.

Calpain Inhibitor XII (Z-L-Nva-CONH-CH2-2-Py) is a selective and potent inhibitor of calpain I, inhibits calpain II and cathepsin B. Calpain Inhibitor XII shows antiviral activity against coronavirus in cell culture.

Papain, a cysteine protease of the peptidase C1 family, is utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, textile, and cosmetic industries.

Papain Inhibitor acetate (Gly-Gly-Tyr-Arg) is an affinity Ligand for Papain.

Calpain Inhibitor-1 (compound 36) is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of Calpain 1 (Cal1), a cysteine protease, with an IC50 value of 100 nM and a Ki value of 2.89 μM.

Carpaine, an alkaloid isolated from Carica papaya Linn, has anti-thrombocytopenic activity. It has the anti-plasmodial activity to prevent malaria.

Calpain Inhibitor V (Mu-Val-HPh-FMK) is a cell-permeable, irreversible calpain inhibitor with demonstrated anti-chlamydial activity [1].

Calpain Inhibitor-2 is a lipophilic calpain inhibitor, and they showed moderate to good anti-proliferative effects in vitro compared to melanoma cell lines (A-375 and B-16F1) and PC-3 prostate cancer cells. was able to inhibit the invasion of 80% of DU-145 cells.

Falcipain-2 3-IN-2 (Compound 12) is a dual inhibitor of falcipain-2 and falcipain-3 [1].

Antipain, a protease inhibitor isolated from Actinomycetes, inhibits N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced transformation and increases chromosomal aberrations[1][2].

Calpain-1, Human Erythrocyte, is an intracellular cysteine protease regulated by Ca2+ [Ca(2+)]. This compound also possesses neuroprotective properties.

Naepaine hydrochloride is a biochemical.

Clostripain (Clostridiopeptidase B), a proteolytic enzyme derived from Clostridium histolyticum, exhibits esterase, amidase, and protease activities. It is notably specific for cleaving carboxy-terminal arginine residues in proteins [1].

Calpain Inhibitor XI, a reversible covalent inhibitor of calpain-1, is utilized in the research of neurodegenerative disorders.

Antipain dihydrochloride (Antipain 2HCl) is a protease inhibitor derived from Actinomycetes that exhibits analgesic activity and inhibits X-ray-induced chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes.

Carpaine hydrochloride, an alkaloid isolated from Carica papaya Linn, has anti-thrombocytopenic activity. It has the anti-plasmodial activity to prevent malaria.

Calpain-2-IN-1 is a selective calpain-2 inhibitor that prolongs ERK activation and thus enhances learning and memory.

Suzetrigine(VX-548) is an orally active and specific NaV1.8 inhibitor. Suzetrigine has analgesic activity and can be used to study acute pain and neurotransmission.

ZT 52656A is a selective agonist of kappa opioid, and used for the prevention or alleviation of pain in the eye.

Amlexanox (AA673) is an anti-aphthous ulcer drug. Amlexanox inhibits the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators, including leukotrienes and histamine, from mast cells, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells. Amlexanox also acts as a leukotriene D4 antagonist and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Amlexanox decreases the time ulcers take to heal as well as the pain associated with the ulcers.

Verilopam displays analgesic activities and can be used in pain studies.