12-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-ps sodium

DPPS (12-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-PS sodium salt) is an anionic diacyl-phospholipid, a form of phosphatidylserine (PS), which is a negatively charged phospholipid located in the lobules of cell membranes. DPPS are used to make cationic vesicles and liposomes.

Sulfobetaine-12 (Zwittergent 3-12 Detergent) is a zwitterionic surfactant, dispersant and emulsifier commonly used in industry.

Nocardamine is a ferrioxamine siderophore that has been found inStreptomycesand has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4It chelates iron in a chrome azurol S assay (IC50= 9.9 μM).1Nocardamine inhibitsM. smegmatisandM. bovisbiofilm formation (MIC = 10 μM for both), an effect that can be reversed by iron.2It is cytotoxic to T47D, SK-MEL-5, SK-MEL-28, and RPMI-7951 cancer cells (IC50s = 6, 18, 12, and 14 μM, respectively).3Nocardamine also induces morphological changes in BM-N4 insect cells.4 1.Lopez, J.A.V., Nogawa, T., Futamura, Y., et al.Nocardamin glucuronide, a new member of the ferrioxamine siderophores isolated from the ascamycin-producing strain Streptomyces sp. 80H647J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)72(12)991-995(2019) 2.Ishida, S., Arai, M., Niikawa, H., et al.Inhibitory effect of cyclic trihydroxamate siderophore, desferrioxamine E, on the biofilm formation of Mycobacterium speciesBiol. Pharm. Bull.34(6)917-920(2011) 3.Kalinovskaya, N.I., Romaneko, L.A., Irisawa, T., et al.Marine isolate Citricoccus sp. KMM 3890 as a source of a cyclic siderophore nocardamine with antitumor activityMicrobiol. Res.166(8)654-661(2011) 4.Matsubara, K., Sakuda, S., Tanaka, M., et al.Morphological changes in insect BM-N4 cells induced by nocardamineBiosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.62(10)2049-2051(1998)

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate serves as a corrosion inhibitor for iron in 0.1 M NaClO4 solutions, effective under both aerated and deaerated conditions. Additionally, it acts as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, functioning primarily as a pH regulator and buffer. These excipients, also known as pharmaceutical auxiliaries, are substances utilized in the pharmaceutical manufacturing process besides the active pharmaceutical ingredients. They are crucial for enhancing the stability, solubility, and processability of pharmaceutical products. Moreover, pharmaceutical excipients play a significant role in influencing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of co-administered drugs, thereby affecting their efficacy and safety [1] [2].

18:1-12:0 Biotin PE (1-Oleoyl-2-(12-biotinyl(aminododecanoyl))-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine) is suitable for liposome preparation.

16:0-12 Doxyl PC (1-Palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-(12-doxyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) functions as a fluorescence quencher, with the nitroxide group situated downstream on the sn-2 chain. It exhibits enhanced fluorescence quenching for fluorophores embedded within the bilayer hydrocarbons.