1-phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase 2-alpha

Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 alpha (PIP4K2A) is a member of the phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase family. It contains 1 PIPK domain and is expressed ubiquitously, with high levels in the brain. It catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) on the fourth hydroxyl of the myo-inositol ring, to form phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). It may exert its function by regulating the levels of PtdIns5P, which functions in the cytosol by increasing AKT activity and in the nucleus signals through ING2. It may regulate the pool of cytosolic PtdIns5P in response to the activation of tyrosine phosphorylation, negatively regulate insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by lowering the levels of PtdIns5P. It also involved in thrombopoiesis, and the terminal maturation of megakaryocytes and regulation of their size.

Mouse Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a 30 kDa proinflammatory cytokine which may also regulates gene transcription in producer cells. IL-33 is constitutively expressed in smooth muscle and airway epithelia. IL-33 was identified based on sequence and structural homology with IL-1 family cytokines. It is up‑regulated in arterial smooth muscle, dermal fibroblasts, and keratinocytes following IL-1 alpha or IL‑1 beta stimulation. IL-33 is structurally related to IL-1, which induces helper T cells to produce type 2 cytokines and acts through the receptor IL1RL-1. BindingIL-33 to this receptor activates NF-kappa-B and MAP kinases and induces in vitro Th2 cells to produce cytokines. In vivo, IL-33 induces the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and also leads to severe pathological changes in mucosal organs.

The Galectin family of proteins, with specificity for Nacetyllactosaminecontaining glycoproteins, consists of beta-galactoside binding lectins containing homologous carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs). They also possess hemagglutination activity, which is attributable to their bivalent carbohydrate binding properties. Galectins are active both intracellularly and extracellularly. Although they are localized primarily in the cytoplasm and lack a classical signal peptide, galectins can also be secreted by one or more unidentified, non-classical, secretory pathways. They have diverse effects on many cellular functions including adhesion, migration, polarity, chemotaxis, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Galectins may therefore play a key role in many pathological states, including autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, inflammation, tumor cell metastasis, atherosclerosis, and diabetic complications. The galectins have been classified into the prototype galectins(1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14), which contain one CRD and exist either as a monomer or a noncovalent homodimer. The chimera galectins(Galectin3) containing one CRD linked to a nonlectin domain, and the tandemrepeat Galectins(4, 6, 8, 9, 12) consisting of two CRDs joined by a linker peptide.Galectins lack a classical signal peptide and can be localized to the cytosolic compartments where they have intracellular functions. However, via one or more as yet unidentified nonclassical secretory pathways, galectins can also be secreted to function extracellularly. Individual members of the galectin family have different tissue distribution profiles and exhibit subtle differences in their carbohydrate-binding specificities. Each family member may preferentially bind to a unique subset of cell surface glycoproteins.

IL-1 alpha is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. Cytokines are proteinaceous signaling compounds that are major mediators of the immune response. They control many different cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival apoptosis but are also involved in several pathophysiological processes including viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Cytokines are synthesized under various stimuli by a variety of cells of both the innate (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) and adaptive (T- and B-cells) immune systems. Cytokines can be classified into two groups: pro- and anti-inflammatory. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFNgamma, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha, are predominantly derived from the innate immune cells and Th1 cells. Anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5, are synthesized from Th2 immune cells. IL-1 alpha is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. It is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. IL-1 alpha stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity.

Reticulon-4, also known as Foocen, Neurite outgrowth inhibitor, Nogo protein, Neuroendocrine-specific protein, Neuroendocrine-specific protein C homolog, RTN-x, Reticulon-5 and RTN4, is a multi-pass membrane protein that contains one reticulon domain. Isoform 1 of RTN4 is specifically expressed in brain and testis and weakly in heart and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 of RTN4 is widely expressed except for the liver. Isoform 3 of RTN4 is expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Isoform 4 of RTN4 is testis-specific. Reticulon-4 RTN4 is a developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Reticulon-4 RTN4 regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system. Reticulon-4 RTN4 is involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction of plasticity in the adult CNS. It regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing receptor complex. Isoform 2 of RTN4 reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum, after binding and sequestration. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 of RTN4 inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing.

CDK2AP2 belongs to the CDK2AP family. Members of this family of proteins are cell-growth suppressors, associating with and influencing the biological activities of important cell cycle regulators in the S phase including monomeric non-phosphorylated cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and DNA polymerase alpha primase. CDK2AP2 contains 5 distinct gt-ag introns. Transcription produces 7 different mRNAs, 6 alternatively spliced variants and 1 unspliced form. There are 2 non overlapping alternative last exons and 4 validated alternative polyadenylation sites. The mRNAs appear to differ splicing versus retention of 3 introns. CDK2AP2 plays a role in regulating self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) under permissive conditions, and cell survival during differentiation of the mESC into terminally differentiated cell types.

EpCAM TROP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 54.1 kDa and the accession number is P16422.

EpCAM TROP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc and Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 56 kDa and the accession number is P16422.

EpCAM TROP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.7 kDa and the accession number is P16422.

LRP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 71.21 kDa and the accession number is O75197-1.

Caspase-10 (CASP10) is a 521 amino acid protein member of the Cysteine-Aspartic Acid Protease (Caspase) family. CASP10 contains two DED (Death Effector) domains and is detectable in most tissues. CASP10 cleavage by Granzyme B and autocatalytic activity generate the two active subunits: Caspase-10 subunit p23 17, Caspase-10 subunit p12. Caspases are a family of cytosolic aspartate-specific cysteine proteases involved in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis, the initiation and execution. Human caspases can be subdivided into three functional groups: cytokine activation (caspase-1, -4, -5, and -13), apoptosis initiation (caspase-2, -8, -9, -and -10), and apoptosis execution (caspase-3, -6, and -7). CASP10 cleaves and activates caspases 3 and 7, but itself is processed by caspase 8. Defects in CASP10 are associated with apoptosis defects seen in type II autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome.

EpCAM TROP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 54 kDa and the accession number is P16422.

EpCAM TROP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 28.84 kDa and the accession number is P16422.

Isoform 1 is widely expressed with the highest expression in skeletal muscle, heart and testicles. Isoform 2 has the highest expression levels in tissues containing proliferating cells. Uracil-DNA glycosylase exists in two forms: mitochondrial uracil-DNA glycosylase 1 (UNG1) and nuclear uracil-DNA glycosylase 2 (UNG2). uracil-DNA glycosylase. This gene encodes one of several uracil-DNA glycosylases. One important function of uracil-DNA glycosylases is to prevent mutagenesis by eliminating uracil from DNA molecules by cleaving the N-glycosylic bond and initiating the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. Uracil bases occur from cytosine deamination or misincorporation of dUMP residues. Alternative promoter usage and splicing of this gene leads to two different isoforms: the mitochondrial UNG1 and the nuclear UNG2. The UNG2 term was used as a previous symbol for the CCNO gene (GeneID 10309), which has been confused with this gene, in the literature and some databases. Defects in UNG are a cause of immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM type 5 (HIGM5). A rare immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by normal or elevated serum IgM levels with absence of IgG, IgA, and IgE. It results in a profound susceptibility to bacterial infections.

Catalyzes the NADP-dependent rearrangement and reduction of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP).

EpCAM TROP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53.81 kDa and the accession number is NP_002345.1.

A role for low-density lipoprotein-related receptor 5 (LRP5) in human bone was first established by the identification of genetic alterations that led to dramatic changes in bone mass. Shortly thereafter, mutations that altered the function of the sclerostin (SOST) gene were also associated with altered human bone mass. Subsequent studies of LRP5 and sclerostin have provided important insights into the mechanisms by which these proteins regulate skeletal homeostasis. LRP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 96 kDa and the accession number is O75197-1.

TEM-type are the most prevalent beta-lactamases in enterobacteria; they hydrolyze the beta-lactam bond in susceptible beta-lactam antibiotics, thus conferring resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. TEM-3 and TEM-4 are capable of hydrolyzing cefotaxime and ceftazidime. TEM-5 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime. TEM-6 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime and aztreonam. TEM-8 CAZ-2, TEM-16 CAZ-7 and TEM-24 CAZ-6 are markedly active against ceftazidime. IRT-4 shows resistance to beta-lactamase inhibitors.

Histone H4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli with C-6xHis. The accession number is P62805.

Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is a secreted protein which belongs to the FGFs family. FGF19 is expressed in fetal brain, cartilage, retina, and adult gall bladder. FGFs modulate cellular activity via at least 5 distinct subfamilies of high-affinity FGF receptors (FGFRs): FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4, all with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. FGFRs can be important for regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis. FGF19 has important roles as a hormone produced in the ileum in response to bile acid absorption. It has been shown to cause resistance to diet-induced obesity and insulin desensitization and to improve insulin, glucose, and lipid profiles in diabetic rodents. FGF19 can be considered as a regulator of energy expenditure.

TEM-type are the most prevalent beta-lactamases in enterobacteria; they hydrolyze the beta-lactam bond in susceptible beta-lactam antibiotics, thus conferring resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. TEM-3 and TEM-4 are capable of hydrolyzing cefotaxime and ceftazidime. TEM-5 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime. TEM-6 is capable of hydrolyzing ceftazidime and aztreonam. TEM-8 CAZ-2, TEM-16 CAZ-7 and TEM-24 CAZ-6 are markedly active against ceftazidime. IRT-4 shows resistance to beta-lactamase inhibitors.

PIP4K2B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53.3 kDa and the accession number is P78356.

CCL4L1 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli with Tag Free. The accession number is Q8NHW4.

A role for low-density lipoprotein-related receptor 5 (LRP5) in human bone was first established by the identification of genetic alterations that led to dramatic changes in bone mass. Shortly thereafter, mutations that altered the function of the sclerostin (SOST) gene were also associated with altered human bone mass. Subsequent studies of LRP5 and sclerostin have provided important insights into the mechanisms by which these proteins regulate skeletal homeostasis. LRP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 96.51 kDa and the accession number is O75197-1.