sars-cov

Punicalagin is a major ellagitannin found in pomegranates that is reported to produce antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. It has been shown to prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity-associated accumulation of cardiac triglyceride and ch

Chloroquine is a Toll-like receptor inhibitor that inhibits autophagy. Chloroquine has anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory activity and is widely used in the treatment of malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine also has anti-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) activity and anti-HIV-1 activity.

Thapsigargin is a natural product, an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) and an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer. Thapsigargin increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration by blocking the ability of cells to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum.

Cepharanthine (NSC-623442) is a natural alkaloid that inhibits TNF-α-mediated NFκB stimulation, plasma membrane lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation, as well as cytokine production. Cepharanthine exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities.

Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen phosphate) is an aminoquinoline antimalarial and also is widely used as an autophagy inhibitor. Chloroquine also is an inhibitor of toll-like receptors (TLRs).

Ivermectin (MK-933) is an activator of glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls) with antiparasitic activity.

Mizoribine (NSC-289637) belongs to the family of 1-Ribosyl-imidazolecarboxamides. Mizoribine has been investigated for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Emodin (Frangula emodin) is an 11β-HSD1 inhibitor with a selective IC50 of 186 and 86 nM against 11β-HSD1 in humans and mice, respectively. Emodin has antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. Emodin can improve metabolic disorders in diet-induced obese mice.

Andrographolide (Andrographis)(Andrographis), an irreversible antagonist of NF-κB, has anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation activities and potential antineoplastic.

Silymarin (Silybin B) (Silybin B) is a polyphenolic flavonoid that extracts from the milk thistle or seeds of Silybum marianum. It is used in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.

2-Hydroxycinnamic acid is a natural product isolated from Angraecum fragrans, has photooxidant activity.

Scutellarein (6-Hydroxyapigenin) reduces inflammatory responses by inhibiting Src kinase activity.

Dihydrotanshinone I (DHTS) is a natural compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge used for treating of cardiovascular diseases.

4'-O-Methylbavachalcone (O-Methylbroussochalcone B) is isolated from Psoralea corylifolia, inhibits severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) papain-like protease (PLpro) activity (IC50: 10.1 μM).

1. Arteannuin B has potent antimalarial activity.

Kansuinine B inhibits Stat3 activation induced by IL-6. Kansuinine B exhibits anti-viral activity and could be used in COVID-19 research.

SARS-CoV MPro-IN-2 effectively inhibits the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro), crucial for the virus's replication and transcription in host cells, with an IC50 value of 72.07 nM. Given its significant role in processing viral polyproteins, M pro is regarded as a key target in drug discovery efforts. Consequently, SARS-CoV MPro-IN-2 holds promise for COVID-19 research.

Cichoriin is a photosensitive compound, it could be used as herbal photosensitizing agent in treating benign breast tumor in rats.

Chebulagic acid, isolated from the Terminalia chebula Retz, is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor.

Pantethine (Pantomin) (Bis-pantethine) is a dimeric form of vitamin B5. Pantethine is less stable than pantothenic acid and tends to decompose over time if it is not kept refrigerated, so most vitamin B5 supplements are in the form of calcium pantothenate. It is available as a dietary supplement and is used to treat acne and improve the blood-cholesterol profile.

Danshensu (Dan shen suan A) is an active ingredient of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* with extensive cardiovascular benefits.

Tectoquinone exhibits strong mosquito larvicidal activity.

Ecteinascidin 770 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting cancer cell viability through RDRP1 (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1).

NK007 is a novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent with an EC50 value of 30 nM.