sodiumchannel

Valproic Acid (2-Propylpentanoic Acid) is an HDAC inhibitor that inhibits HDAC1 activity, induces HDAC2 degradation, and is orally active. Valproic Acid can be used in epilepsy and bipolar disorder research.

Monensin sodium is an antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis.Monensin sodium salt (Monensin A sodium salt) causes a marked enlargement of the MVBs and regulates exosome secretion

L-Aspartic aicd sodium (Sodium L-aspartate) is an amino acid, a precursor active molecule for colon-specific active molecule delivery, that promotes Na+ efflux from rat forebrain membrane vesicles.

Lappaconitine ((+)-Lappaconitine), isolated from Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai, was characterized as an analgesic.

Veratramine (NSC-23880)(NSC-17821; NSC-23880) is a potent signal transduction inhibitor for treating tumors.

Ajmaline (Cardiorythmine) is a class Ia anti-arrhythmic compound that is widely used for the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome and the acute treatment of atrial or ventricular tachycardia. Ajmaline inhibits cardiac Kv1.5 and Kv4.3 channels at therapeutic concentrations.

Veratridine is a benzoate-cevane found in Veratrum and Schoenocaulon. It activates sodium channels to stay open longer than normal.

Bulleyaconitine A (Bulleyaconi cine A), an analgesic and antiinflammatory drug isolated from Aconitum plants, has several potential targets, such as voltage-gated Na+ channels.

Neoline is an active ingredient of A. venetum root (PA) that ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice.Neoline inhibits Nav1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel currents (VGSC). It can be used as a labeling compound to determine the quality of PA products used in the study of neuropathic pain.

3- Deoxyaconitine is a derivative of Aconitine (A189875), which activates tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ channels, inducing presynaptic depolarization, thus blocking the nerve action potential which, in turn, blocks the release of neurotransmitters and decreases the end plate potential at the neuromuscular junction.

1. Oleandrin (Folinerin), the principal cardiac glycoside component of PBI-524, can quantitatively account for regulation of BDNF at both the protein and transcriptional levels. 2. Oleandrin are known to inhibit the Na, K-ATPase pump, resulting in a consequent increase in calcium influx in heart muscle. 3. Oleandrin has stronger anti-proliferative activity in undifferentiated CaCO-2 cells (IC50, 8.25 nM) , causes an autophagic cell death and altered ERK phosphorylation in undifferentiated.

Halofuginone (RU-19110), the competitive inhibitor of prolyl-tRNA synthetase(Ki=18.3 nM), could also down-regulate Smad3 and blocked TGF-β signaling at 10 ng/ml in the mammal.

Dimethyl lithospermate B (dmLSB) is a selective Na+ channel agonist.

3'-Methoxydaidzein is a dual isoflavone and Sodium Channel inhibitor. 3'-Methoxydaidzein inhibited NaV1.7, NaV1.8 and NaV1.3 with IC50 of 181 nM, 397 nM and 505 nM, respectively. 3'-Methoxydaidzein was specific for collagen-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 12.3 and 61.5µM, respectively. 3'-Methoxydaidzein acts as an analgesic by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels. 3'-Methoxydaidzein showed antioxidant activity and antiplatelet aggregation activity.

Homoeriodictyol, a naturally occurring, bitter-masking flavanone, as a promising agent to increase appetite and food intake. The flavanone homoeriodictyol can increase SGLT-1-mediated glucose uptake but decrease serotonin release in differentiated Caco-2 cells.

Strictosamide possesses antibacterial and antiviral activities, it also may have important effects on inflammation and inflammatory pain.

Ecdysone is a major steroid hormone in insects and herbs. Ecdysone triggers mineralocorticoid receptor activation and induces cellular apoptosis. Ecdysone signaling through Ecdysone receptor isoform B1 is required cell autonomously for the muscle death.

Hardwickiic acid ((-)-Hardwickiic acid) is a natural compound derived from Pulicaria gnaphalodes with anti-injury receptor properties. It blocks tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-dependent sodium channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activity.

Thevetin B is a cardiac glycoside and an inhibitor of Na+-, K+-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase) from Thevetia peruviana.

20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) possess an ability to inhibit the lung metastasis of tumor cells via inhibition of the adhesion and invasion of tumor cells. It inhibits the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) and has anti-angiogenesis activities.

Karanjin is a flavonoid obtained from the seeds of the karanja tree.Karanjin induces GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells by increasing AMPK activity. Karanjin can induce cancer cell death through cell cycle arrest and enhance apoptosis.

Actein has a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation or has potential activity against osteoporosis, it also can prevent oxidative damage to osteoblasts in osteoporotic patients. Actein's ability to pathways involved in lipid disorders and carci

11Beta-hydroxyprogesterone (11β-Hydroxyprogesterone) is an inhibitor of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11betaHSD) type 2, which activates the human hydrocorticosteroid receptor in COS-7 cells, and may be useful in the study of metabolism-related diseases.

Periplocymarin is a cardiac glycoside with anticancer potential isolated from Periploca sepium and Periploca graeca.