bacteria

Micronomicin (Gentamicin C2b) is an antibiotic with both antibacterial and bactericidal properties.

Balofloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic, can inhibit the synthesis of bacterial DNA by interfering with the DNA gyrase.

Cefdinir (FK-482) is a third-generation, semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic effective against common bacterial infections of the ear, sinus, throat, and skin.

Sulfathiazole (2-Sulfanilamidothiazole), an organosulfur compound, has been served as a short-acting sulfa medicine.

Tinidazole (CP12574)a is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with the antiprotozoal property. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, it has been suggested that tinidazole is metabolized and yields nitrite anions and metronidazole. Metronidazole's nitro group, in turn, is reduced via the parasite ferredoxin, thereby generating a series of free nitro radicals including nitro anions. Toxicity is achieved via depletion of sulfhydryl groups and DNA strand breaks with multiple hits having an additive effect and ultimately leading to cell death.

Dirithromycin (LY237216) is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic. It is used to treat many different types of bacterial infections, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, and even skin infections.

Terbinafine hydrochloride (KWD 2019) is a synthetic allylamine derivative structurally related to naftifine. Terbinafine is active against dermatophytes.

Marbofloxacin (Zeniquin) is an effective, broad-spectrum antibiotic of bacterial, which inhibits DNA replication.

D-Tagatose (D-(-)-Tagatose), a rare natural hexoketose and isomer of D-galactose, occurs naturally in Sterculia setigera gum and is found in small quantities in various foods such as sterilized and powdered cow's milk, hot cocoa, and various cheeses, yogurts, and other dairy products. It can be synthesized from D-galactose by isomerization under alkaline conditions in the presence of calcium. D-Tagatose has numerous health benefits, including promotion of weight loss, no glycemic effect, anti-plaque, non-cariogenic, anti-halitosis, prebiotic, and anti-biofilm properties; it is beneficial for organ transplants, enhancement of flavor, improvement of pregnancy and fetal development, treatment of obesity, and reduction in symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, anemia, and hemophilia. (PMID: 17492284).

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), as a well-known redox enzyme cofactor, PQQ can protect NS/PCs against glutamate toxicity associated with ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway,

Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (Methoxatin disodium salt), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, is a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. It is an efficient electron transfer catalyst from a number of organic substrates to molecular oxygen (O2), constructing quinoprotein model reactions.

Sulbactam sodium (CP-45899-2) (Unasyn) is an irreversible β-lactamase inhibitor.

Terbinafine (TDT 067) is a synthetic allylamine derivative with antifungal activity. Terbinafine exerts its effect through inhibition of squalene epoxidase, thereby blocking the biosynthesis of ergosterol, an important component of fungal cell membranes. As a result, this agent disrupts fungal cell membrane synthesis and inhibits fungal growth.

1-Undecanol (1-Hendecanol) is a natural product in many foods such as fruits, butter, eggs and cooked pork, is used as a flavoring ingredient.

Sorbic acid is a natural product that inhibits various bacteria, including sporeformers,

Potassium acetate (Diuretic salt) with antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Sulbactam (CP45899) is a semi-synthetic beta-lactamase inhibitor. The beta-lactam ring of sulbactam irreversibly binds to beta-lactamase at or near its active site, thereby blocking enzyme activity and preventing metabolism of other beta-lactam antibiotics by the enzyme. Combining this agent with a beta-lactamase susceptible antibiotic, such as penicillins or a cephalosporin, to treat infections caused by beta-lactamase producing organisms, results in a decreased turnover rate of the beta-lactamase sensitive antibiotic and enhances its antibacterial activity.

Merafloxacin (CI 934) is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial, which was also identified as a 1 PRF inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2.

Metronidazole (acetic acid) is a metabolite derived from Metronidazole, exhibiting mutagenic activity in bacteria. As a nitroimidazole antibiotic, amebicide, and antiprotozoal agent, Metronidazole is specifically utilized against protozoa and anaerobic bacteria.

Pipemidic acid (Acido pipemidico), a new antibacterial agent, inhibits the activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Calcimycin (A-23187) is an ionophorous, polyether carboxylic antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports calcium and other divalent cations across membranes, uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, and inhibits ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is primarily used as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.

Clinafloxacin (CI-960)(PD-127391) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.

Vebufloxacin (OPC-7251) shows potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has potent activity characteristically against Propionibacterium acnes.

Roseoflavin, a chemical analog of FMN and riboflavin that has antimicrobial activity, can directly bind to FMN riboswitch aptamers and downregulate the expression of an FMN riboswitch-lacZ reporter gene in B. subtilis.